From Aggregation to Access: Building Digital Collections collectively

Post-Gutenberg “What are the pressures, from your point of view driving the retention or otherwise of print collections. Do you think that there will be an availability or should there be, of print collections across this section of the world. This should be especially in the context of Google Books. Europe has such a rich tradition emerging from Gutenberg. What is post-Gutenberg for the print collections?”

A history of libraries: 19 th Century The development of the concept of public libraries and public good Panizzi, Dewey, Carnegie The Procrustean Bed

A history of libraries: early 20 th Century Cooperation and the Russian Revolution Interlending to St Petersburg Latitude = 59º26'N Longitude = 024º46'E

A history of libraries: late 20 th century MARC AACR2 OCLC Dublin Core UAP/UBC

The failure of Librarians 1. Making the technology work too well 2. Lack of underpinning philosophy 3. Rise of the managerial technocrat 4. Complacency 5. Failure to engage with e-resources a) Obsessed with licences b) Digitising oddities

The Good Old Days……..

“Cabinets of curiosities” C.A.I.N. Scottish Antarctic Expedition Glasgow Digital Library

Red Clydeside

Europeana The European Commission’s goal for Europeana is to make European information resources easier to use in an online environment. It will build on Europe’s rich heritage, combining multicultural and multilingual environments with technological advances and new business models. This is a project managed mainly by librarians and historians, unlike the crowdsourced phenomena such as Wikipedia

Europeana and Gallica collections are distributed and libraries are using technology to aggregate links rather than objects. These are hugely popular Europeana crashed on launch Added value digitisation Increases electronic use Increases footprint Meets needs of changing user expectation Disruptive technology not a priori a bad thing

Digital Overlap Strategy

Digital footprint

Forms of e-content Research papers Conference presentations Theses Wikis Blogs Websites Podcasts Reusable Learning Objects Research data E-Lab books Streamed lectures Images Audio files Digitised collections E-Archives HR Records Student/Staff records Corporate publications National heritage artefacts

COAR – Launched 21 st October 2009 “The networking of online publications and research data sets will open new opportunities for research and the teaching of all disciplines in the 21st century”, said the founding Chairperson, Dr Norbert Lossau, Director of the State and University Library of Goettingen, emphasising the significance of COAR. “As proven managers of information, libraries are working hand in hand with information specialists, computer scientists and researchers to lend reality to a world-wide network of scientific repositories.” Norbert Lossau, Confederation of Open Access Repositories

Congo El Salvador Gaza Guatemala Myanmar Rwanda Tibet Bulk Web Harvests

Custom, Thematic Harvests

Testimony from Kigali Memorial Center

Waiting for some stuff from Aaron

Navigation  Main Page  About this Project  FAQ  Log in Search Suggested topics  Gacaca Court Proceedings  Interahamwe  Habyarimana Juvenal  UNAMIR Browse  All videos  Places  Testimony Types  Topics  All Photographs  Maps Testimony of Karegeya Isae Testimony of Uwanyirigira Mathilde Testimony of Sakindi Jean Baptiste

Where Google is weak Bibliographic authenticity Version control Validation – trust metrics Customisation Metadata Added value through aggregation Single authentication and log on Trusted repositories

Trusted repositories: the five Maori tests Receive the information with accuracy Store the information with integrity beyond doubt Retrieve the information without amendment Apply appropriate judgement in the use of the information Pass the information on appropriately

From Steel Shelves to Clouds Steel Shelves Queen I want it all and I want it now Spotify AbeBooks The Universal Repository

A history of libraries: 21 st century Bibliographic authenticity FRBR Metadata tagging Virtual collections Simplified authentication and log-on Repository standards and policy The Amazon of the low use world But part of a spectrum of resources

A Spectrum of Services Print Repositories Digital Repositories Data Repositories Bibliographic Authenticity Virtual Collections Shared standards Single Entry Point