September 2002 HND Year 2 Database Management Systems Sept 2002

September 2002 Unit Team n Lectures / Workshops –Naveed Hamid (Unit Leader) –Juliet Greaves n Tutorials –Naveed Hamid –Juliet Greaves –John New – –Titus Olaniyi

September 2002 Outline n Essential Text n Discussion of Assessment / Assignment Format n Discussion of Topics covered n Intro to Relational Model

September 2002 Essential Text –Relational Database Principles Colin Ritchie, DP Publications, Colin Ritchie, DP Publications, –Database Systems. A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation, and Management. A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation, and Management. Thomas Connolly, Carolyn Begg. 3 rd Edition Addison-Wesley ISBN

September 2002 Additional Recommended Texts –Modern Database Management 5th Ed, Fred McFadden et al Addison Wesley Longman Inc –Relational Database, John Carter International Thompson Computer Press –Database Systems, Catherine Ricardo. Macmillan – –An Introduction to Database Systems, C J Date. Addison Wesley

September 2002 Outcomes n n 1. Investigate DBMS Technologies n n 2. Perform Database Administrative Tasks n n 3. Devise strategies for a Multi-User Environment

September 2002 Assessment criteria n n Describe the components of a DBMS n n Define a suitable DBMS strategy for a given application requirement. n n Create database from a specified model and manage the users n n Modify database to include referential constraints n n Apply techniques to tune database performance n n Identify potential dangers in a multi-user environment n n Perform rollback and recovery operations n n Devise locking strategies for a given multi-user application

September 2002 Assessment/Assignment Format n Assignment –Case Study – –ER Diagram 1 & 2 – Indicating relationships and cardinality. – –Assumptions – List of assumptions during development of ER. – –Table Attributes – Table and attribute names indicating all keys. – –SQL Answers – SQL statements developed based on your ER. – –Results – Output from your SQL and test data.

September 2002 Personal Oracle 8i n Can be installed on Windows 98 only –Options if you don’t have win 98 –Work at University –Install Windows 98 –Install MySQL n Similar to Oracle and can work on any platform

September 2002 TCA in January 2003 Section A n Case study –ER Model –40% Section B n Multiple Choice –60% –Remaining Topics –2 marks for the correct answer –1 mark deducted for an incorrect answer

September 2002 Pass Rate Last Year n 80 full time and part time students n 60% Pass first Time n Of the 40% Fails –50% had not handed in a piece of assessment –50% had failed either one or both items of assessment

September 2002 Section B Modules Topics

September 2002 n Week 1Introduction to DBS / Relation Model n Week 2Data Modelling the ER Model n Week 3Normalisation n Week 4File Organisation n Week 5Database Management Systems n Week 6Relational Algebra Modules Topics

September 2002 Modules Topics n Week 7SQL n Week 8Integrity and Security n Weeks 9Concurrency and Recovery n Week 10 Networked & Distributed Systems n Week 11 Beyond the Relational Model n Week 12 Revision Week

September 2002 Databases A Brief Introduction

September 2002 Databases - what are they? n Where do we find Databases? –University –Government –Airline Booking System –Letting Agency n Why and how are they used? n What exactly is a Database? –Collection of related data.

September 2002 History of Databases n Where have relational Databases come from? –File based systems –“A collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users such as the production of reports.” –“Each program defines and manages its own data” Connolly et al –Basically an attempt to computerise a filing system

September 2002 Limitations of the File System n Data held in separate and isolated stores –Payroll –Personnel –Department n Duplication of data –The same data held in different stores –Inconsistencies in the data stores

September 2002 Limitations of the File System cont.. n Data Dependence –Any modification to the data has to be propagated to the programs that access the data n File are dependent on the language of the accessing programs –files created for C programs cannot be accessed by Cobol programs

September 2002 The Relational Model

September 2002 Database Concepts n Permanent Storage n File Processing n Data of Prime importance DBMS n Meta Data n Database Models –Hierarchical –Network –Object Oriented

September 2002 Relational Database n Edward Codd 1970 n Two-dimensional tables - no pointers n Entity Relationship Model - Chen 1976 n ANSI/SPARC architecture –External level –Conceptual level –Internal level

September 2002 Modelling Concepts n Application Domain n Entities n Attributes n Domain and Type n Relationship

September 2002 Relational Model n Mathematical theory of sets n Primary Key n Composite Key n Functional Dependency n Foreign Keys n Candidate Key

September 2002 Terminology n Nulls n Entity Integrity n Referential Integrity

September 2002 Reading for Next Week n Ritchie Chapter 3 and 4 n Connolly Chapter 3

September 2002 Week 1 n NO Workshops n NO Seminars n NO Practicals