Ancient Israel. Historical Overview ► Ancient Israel is the birthplace of the 3 great monotheistic religions of the world: Judaism, Christianity and Islam.

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Presentation transcript:

Ancient Israel

Historical Overview ► Ancient Israel is the birthplace of the 3 great monotheistic religions of the world: Judaism, Christianity and Islam ► Ancient Israel dates back approximately 4000 years to the books of the Old Testament ► Great patriarchs of Judaism: Abraham, Jacob, Moses, Joshua ► Hebrews, Israelites, Jews, Semites: have all undergone persecution throughout history; from Babylonian Captivity, Exodus, Diaspora, Spanish Inquisition, Holocaust

What is in a name? ► Hebrew means “From across”- name given to Abraham and his followers ► Israelites: Abraham’s grandson Jacob renamed Israel which means “he who has wrestled with God”. His descendants were called “Israelites” ► Jews: named after Jacob’s son Judah, ancient father of tribe of King David’s dynasty

Tracing Roots of Israel’s History ► Mesopotamian society dominated by polytheism ► God (Yahweh) appeared before Patriarch Abraham and told Abraham “to go and raise a great nation” ► This began the monotheistic tradition of the Hebrew faith with the establishment of the “Covenant”, “Chosen People” and “Promised Land” ► Abraham settled in Canaan

Jacob (grandson of Abraham) ► Abraham’s grandson Jacob took name “Israel” which means “God ruled” and organized Israelites into 12 tribes ► Some tribes settled in Egypt (due to drought and famine) and where subjected to Pharaoh rule and slavery

Moses ► An illustrated story of Moses Moses

Moses & Exodus: “Let My People Go!” ► Moses received revelations from God: burning bush, rod / staff, 10 plagues, parting of the Red Sea ► Moses led the 12 Tribes of Israel to Mount Sinai where Yahweh gave him the 10 Commandments, uniting the Hebrews under one God

Impact of Ancient Israel ► Covenant = formal agreement between Hebrews and God (Yahweh); Hebrews worshipped God and only God, and in return, they would be God’s Chosen People and given Canaan as the Promised Land ► Spiritual ideas profoundly influenced Western culture, morality, ethics and conduct ► Three of the world’s most dominant religions: Judaism, Christianity and Islam all derive their roots from the spiritual beliefs of the Ancient Israelites