Patterns of Associations

 Follow along while Ms. Bjelko reviews how to use a dichotomous key to identify an insect.  YOU will individually answer the 2 analysis questions AND identify the 14 sharks into the correct family.  THERE ARE NO DUPLICATE ANSWERS

 By food choice  By evolutionary history  By reproductive methods  By geography  By body structure  …..and many, many more!

 Benthos- all organisms that live on the bottom of the ocean.  Within the Pelagic Division: ◦ Nekton- large, actively swimming organisms ◦ Plankton- tiny organisms with little swimming ability- mainly pulled around by currents.  Phytoplankton- photosynthetic  Zooplankton- non-photosynthetic

 Evolutionary adapatations ◦ Any inherited trait that helps the organism stay alive. ◦ Examples?  Ecological adaptations ◦ Adjustments made by a living organism during it’s life to deal with changes in it’s habitat ◦ Examples?

 You will not have to memorize the full classification of marine organisms, but you must know the RULES and GENERAL CATEGORIES for classification  YOU WERE ALREADY TAUGHT  K P C O F G S

 Species: populations of organisms having common characteristics and successfully breed with each other  There are other ways to define a species, but we will work with this one!

 Domain Bacteria (Kingdom Eubacteria- Prokaryotes)  Domain Archaea (Kingdom Archaebacteria- Prokaryotes)  Domain Eukarya (4 other kingdoms- Eukaryotes) ◦ Kingdoms Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista

IF YOU ARE IN AP BIO DO NOT ANSWER THIS QUESTION: Which domain is most like the FIRST living things on earth?

 Archaebacteria  Eubacteria  Protista  Fungi  Plantae  Animalia Biology is constantly changing- this is how organisms used to be grouped: MONERA became the 2 different groups of bacteria. Next Potential Change: Get rid of Protista and split plants into 2 different kingdoms

 Kingdom Animalia  Phylum Chordata  Class Mammalia  Order Cetacea  Suborder Mysticeti  Family Balaenopteridae  Genus Balaenoptera  Species musculus

 Each individual group of organisms must have its own unique species name.  BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE  Name is the genus and species of the organism  Latin  Created by person/people who identify the species

 Balaenoptera musculus  Also correct to write it as  Balaenoptera musculus  Any other variations are INCORRECT

 Usually by physical traits  Also adding DNA sequences now that we can easily get that info

 Aka cladogram  Charts showing the evolutionary relationships between organisms.  Arranged by looking at/for common anscestral species fossils OR  Comparing DNA

 Living together  Different variations in the oceans