Muscle Physiology Distinguish between the 3 types of muscles and describe the four main functions of muscles.

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Presentation transcript:

Muscle Physiology Distinguish between the 3 types of muscles and describe the four main functions of muscles

Functions of Muscles Producing Movement- such as quick movements, expressing emotion, circulating blood. Maintaining Posture- Mainly through skeletal muscles which make tiny adjustments continuously. Stabilizing Joints- through muscle tendons Generating Heat- skeletal muscle accounts for 40% of body mass and most responsible for heat generation through muscle contractions

Skeletal Muscles Location: attached to bones or to skin (mainly facial muscles) Shape and appearance: single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells with obvious striations.

Skeletal Muscle: Can you see the striations and multiple nuclei???

Skeletal Muscle continued…… Connective Tissue: Epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium Regulation of contraction: Voluntary, via nervous system control

Skeletal Continued…. Regulation of contraction: Voluntary via nervous system controls Speed of contraction: Slow to fast Rhythmic Contraction: NO Remember: Skeletal, Striated, and Voluntary

Cardiac Muscles Body Location: Walls of the heart Cell shape and appearance: Branching chains of cells; uninucleate, striations; intercalated discs

Cardiac Muscle Continued… Connective Tissue Components: Endomysium attached to the fibrous skeleton of the heart. Regulation of contraction: Involuntary; the heart has a pacemaker (keeps the rhythm); also nervous system controls; hormones

Cardiac Muscle Continued… Speed of contraction: Slow Rhythmic Contraction: Yes Remember: Cardiac, striated, and involuntary

Smooth Muscle Body Location: Mostly in walls of hollow visceral organs (other then the heart) Cell shape and appearance: Single, fusiform, uninucleate; no striations

Smooth Muscle Continued Connective Tissue Components: Endomysium Regulation of Contraction: Involuntary; nervous system controls; hormones; chemicals; stretch

Smooth Muscle Continued…. Speed of Contraction: Very Slow If skeletal muscle was a speedy car then smooth muscle would be a heavy-duty construction vehicles (CAT) Rhythmic Contraction: Yes, in some

Review How do cells of the 3 types of muscle tissue differ from one another anatomically? Which muscle type has the most elaborate connective tissue wrappings? What does striated mean relative to muscle cells? How do movements promoted by skeletal muscles differ from those of smooth muscle?