Drugs and Consciousness Understanding different types of drugs, how they alter consciousness, and lead to addiction.

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Presentation transcript:

Drugs and Consciousness Understanding different types of drugs, how they alter consciousness, and lead to addiction.

Psychoactive Drugs Chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods. Psychoactive drug use leads to a buildup in tolerance, as well as physical and psychological dependencies. Not all psychoactive drugs are illegal. Like…

Some misconceptions about addiction Addictive drugs quickly corrupt everyone. Addictions require therapy to overcome. You can become addicted to any pleasure seeking behavior.

Use a drug (caffeine, to stay awake) → Tolerance (no longer have same effects from 1 cup of coffee) → drug abuse (drinking 3 Red Bulls before noon) → dependence (cannot stay awake without the Red Bulls) = ADDICTION

Withdrawal A substance specific disorder when an addict stops using a substance Can cause mood swings, physical pain Intensity depends on the person and the substance

Chemically - how do drugs affect us?

How drugs “get in” Drugs interact with the brain (and “get in”) in 3 ways: 1. imitating neurotransmitters and preventing them from working normally. “Fools brain” into thinking it’s real »example: heroin and marijuana 2. telling brain to constantly release a neurotransmitter – usually dopamine »example: cocaine and meth

How drugs “get in” (cont’d) 3 rd way – blocks neurotransmitter from connecting to a neuron – Example: curare, botulin causes paralysis by blocking ACH

The normal neural exchange

Drugs and neurons

4 Classifications of Drugs 1.Depressants 2.Stimulants 3.Hallucinogens 4.Opiates

Depressants Calm neural activity and slow body functions. Alcohol, barbituates, opiates

Stimulants Speeds up heart beat, breathing, etc. Reduces fatigue temporarily. Elevates mood Caffeine, Amphetamines, ecstasy, cocaine, nicotine.

Crystal Meth Excess of dopamine = feelings of euphoria Chemicals used in making it eat at bone tissue (including teeth), and destroy neurons in the frontal cortex

Meth Mouth

Hallucinogens Distort perceptions and provide false sensory images = hallucinations. LSD, marijuana, psychedelic mushrooms

Opiates Relieve pain and produce feelings of euphoria Include opium, morphine, codeine, heroine, methadone Come from poppy seed If abused produces most serious withdrawal symptoms

Heroin addiction

Heroin Addiction MOST difficult withdrawal Body organs will shut down Addicts need to be in detox – use methadone