 HW #5 due tomorrow  Review sheet due Friday.  Test on French Revolution Tuesday.

 Do Now: How would the following Enlightenment thinkers grade Napoleon as a “son of the revolution?” For each grade you give, provide at least one specific reason to justify it: ◦ John Locke ◦ Voltaire ◦ Beccaria ◦ Mary Wollstonecraft

A. In 1804, Napoleon crowned himself (!) as Emperor of France  Ruled France as a virtual dictator! B. Gains huge support from all classes, especially the middle class (bourgeoisie).

 Pre-1789: Absolute Monarchy ◦ Three estates, ruled by Louis XVI  : Constitutional Monarchy ◦ Louis XVI shares power with the National Assembly/Convention. ◦ Declaration of the Rights of Man passed.  : Republic ◦ Monarchy is eliminated when Louis and Marie are executed. ◦ Reign of Terror occurs from  : Dictatorship ruled by Napoleon Which of these political systems do you think was the best fit for France, and why?

A. Because he was such a powerful threat, the rulers of Austria, Prussia, Russia eventually all signed peace treaties with Napoleon B. The only major undefeated power that was left was Great Britain.

1. Napoleon attempted to destroy Britain’s navy and invade the island, but he was defeated by the British commander, Lord Horatio Nelson, at the Battle of Trafalgar.

2. As a result, Britain came to dominate the seas for the next hundred years. 3. Napoleon had to give up on his plans to invade Britain; he had to find another way to defeat his arch enemy. C. By 1812, Napoleon conquered most of Europe through alliances and the creation of puppet states; he spread many ideas of the Revolution as he took over other nations (i.e. ended serfdom in many places).

What kinds of problems do you think Napoleon faced in trying to rule over such a large empire?