Geography 101! Finding Absolute Location Finding Relative Location Measuring distance Reading a map

Location Tells us how to find a place on Earth using… Absolute Location or Relative Location

Finding Absolute Location Geographers have created an imaginary grid of latitude and longitude lines to find location

Hemispheres One half of the Earth

Latitude The starting point for measuring latitude is … Equator at 0º The Equator divides the Earth in half into the… Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE EQUATOR

Latitude Lines of latitude are measured by… Distance from the Equator in degrees Direction from the Equator, North or South 0º 90º N 90º S 30ºN 60ºN 30ºS 60ºS EQUATOR

Longitude The starting point for measuring longitude is Prime Meridian at 0º The Prime Meridian divides the Earth in half into the… Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere WESTERN HEMISPHERE EASTERN HEMISPHERE 0º PRIME MERIDIAN

Longitude Lines of longitude are measured by… Distance from the Prime Meridian in degrees Direction from the Prime Meridian, West or East International Date Line marks end at 180º 0º 30ºW 60ºW 30ºE 60ºE PRIME MERIDIAN

Finding Relative Location A Compass Rose is a direction marker on a map A Compass rose shows cardinal directions and intermediate directions

Cardinal Directions Cardinal Directions (main directions) North (Never) East (Eat) South (Soggy) West (Waffles)

Intermediate Directions Intermediate Directions (“in between” directions) Northeast Southeast Southwest Northwest NE SESW NW

Scale Bar Relative location can also be measured in distance between two places Scale bar shows the relationship between the distance on a map and the actual distance on Earth

Parts of a Good Map Title – to show subject of map Key or Legend –to interpret or read map Compass Rose – to show direction Scale Bar – to show distance Publisher & Date