The Role Of The Editor To Combine both the technical and Conceptual aspects of editing into one integrated process.

Technical The Goal of the technical editor is to provide the best quality. Know your tools. Know the capabilities of your equipment in order to maintain the best technical quality.

Technical Maintain or improve signal quality Correct technical problems Both visual or Audio “Fix it in Post”- technical problems are as bad as bad acting. Each edit needs to be clear of technical problems

Conceptual The Goal of the conceptual editor is to communicate through visuals and sound Edits must be transparent. As if they happened naturally Every shot has a reason.

Responsibilities of Conceptual Editor Find solutions to production problems ( how to cover up mistakes) Match Form and Content( The pace, look, and feel of the program should match content) Aesthetics of every shot counts. ( lighting, composition, etc.)

Technology can’t make a program What matters is content and how it comes together.

Conceptual Editing Process Post production begins in Preproduction Plan,plan,plan, and when you think you are ready…… check your work again.

Target Audience Who will be watching your program? Define a narrow group Address their needs- This will keep them motivated.

Research Target Audience What they know What they are interested in Age, sex, cultural background,etc. All of this will give you an idea of how you will set up the program

Performance Objectives A list of goals that you want your audience to learn by watching your program. A list of goals that you want your audience to learn by watching your program.

Setting Performance Objectives Focuses the need-to-know information. States the target audience and the expected measurable performances. Helps to determine the program approach, format, structure, and pacing.

Format Selection Know your target audience. What kind of formats are there?

Communicate And Think Visually. When writing a script, make it action oriented rather than word oriented

Storyboards Help visualize ideas ( Composition, visual elements, lighting, etc.) Help communication between Crew Helps attack problems before they happen. Saves time when shooting Plan transitions ahead of time Helps get a shot list together Helps when working on a budget ( money makes the world go round)

Plan Audio ahead of time as well.

Questions To Ask Before Shooting Tape Format.-Best quality you can afford. Note that you can shoot with one format, master your program onto another format, and distribute using another format. ( Commercials for example) Lighting look-Visual style of y our images. ( Matrix v.s. Film Noir) Color V.S Black and White. ( mood can be created by using different styles of lighting) Continuity ( what is continuity?) Budgeting time and money. Plan special and visual effects. ( If you know you are dissolving between two shots. Shoot them on different reels so that there is no generation loss. Hold shots longer. Framing- If you know that there will be text over a shot. Plan the composition ahead of time

Technical tips in production that will help editors. Set up a camera and monitor 1.Subject should be brightest on screen 2.Composition Set up Audio Equipment and Test: 1.Microphones and batteries 2.Microphone should be placed inches from the sound source in such a way that sound goes directly from the source to the mic without passing through another medium. 3.Maintain sound continuity 4.Don’t cross cables

Technical tips in production that will help editors. ( Continued) 1.Shock mount a desk or standing microphone to isolate it from any sound transmitted through the stand. On lavaliers and boom poles, put a loop in the cable to prevent sound from traveling back up to the mic. 2.Don’t’ cross cables 3.Loop and tape cables ends at recorder or mixer so that the connectors won’t break 4.Use a wind screen outdoors. / block talent so that wind is not facing them 5.Use sound blankets indoors to block the bounce of audio on hard acoustical surfaces. 6.Set your levels/ below the red. Occasional peaks are okay 7.Record a test and play it back 8.Use quality headphones 9.Record room tone/ Nat sound- Regular levels what is nat sound

Technical tips in production that will help editors. ( Continued) Record Color Bars and identifying slate on each tape you use Preroll the tape for at least six seconds before action is cued/ Post roll Cue talent in a way that you will be able to use the shot Keep log - Subject, take, counter. Get plenty of Coverage. ( What is Coverage?)

Coverage Long Shot/ Wide Shot/ Establishing Shot/ Master Shot: LS, WS ( book says you have to cut away) Medium Shot: MS Close Up : CU- impact, emotion, and detail Cutaway/ Reaction/ Reversal

Wide shot

Medium shot

Close Up

Technical tips in production that will help editors. ( Continued) 1.Incorporate changes in angle and image size. 2.Shoot overlapping action 3.When shooting reversals, keep composition, image size and angle. 4.Shoot clean entrances and Exits. 5.Camera movement should be motivated

180 Degree rule. Draw an imaginary line through a scene and keep all of your shots to one side of that line for editing continuity.