10/23/2015 What do you know about Greek Mythology? Tell me anything that comes to mind.

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Presentation transcript:

10/23/2015 What do you know about Greek Mythology? Tell me anything that comes to mind.

Early Greeks and the Rise of City-States

Geography Long, uneven coast makes everything closer to the sea Most Greeks became fishers, sailors, and traders Mountain ranges kept villages separated Rivers were short so did not aid trade between villages Because of all of the above reasons, the City-States arose

City-States: or Polis: A fort, its city, the lands, and farms around it 3 Basic Ideas- Geographical territory Community it represented Political and economic independence All city-states in Greece were similar by: Small area of land Population usually fewer than 10,000 Acropolis: a hill where the fort is built Agora: a marketplace Sense of patriotism for their own city-state

Early Greek Peoples The Minoans: Nobles had running water Colorful frescoes (paintings on wet plaster walls) Soil was poor so they traded for food Ruined when: a Volcano erupted nearby and caused tidal waves The Mycenaeans: People split into clans/tribes and headed by a warrior By 1200 BC, all cities were destroyed by earthquakes and war

Greek Government and Society

Greek Government City-States with Warrior as leader who relied on wealthy to support them Wealthy became known as nobles Nobles overthrew leaders of City-States and took power Armies hired by non noble people started fighting city-states Tyrants took power to relieve the people of the nobles rule The people overthrew tyrants and established Democracy

Iliad and Odyssey Epic: long historical poem Homer wrote two great epics: Iliad: Legend of the Trojan War Helen and Paris, Wood Horse Odyssey: What happened after the Trojan War when King Odysseus heads home from Troy

Olympic Games Held every four years to honor Zeus (the head god) They showed their strength and bravery in athletic contests like: Boxing, foot races, javelin and discus throwing, wrestling Winners received wreaths of wild olive branches There were NO 2 nd and 3 rd places

Greek Religious Beliefs Greek religion is different than others at the time because: DID NOT emphasize highs standards of morality DID NOT believe in the afterlife, just a gloomy underworld 3 basic things: Religion had to explain nature Religion had to explain why some people sometimes got overly emotional and lost control Religion could bring them certain benefits such as good luck and good harvest

Mythology To explain the world around them, the Greeks created Myths: traditional stories about gods and heroes All the gods live on Mount Olympus in northern Greece