Biology CP – Phyllis Smith Comparing RNA & DNA Biology CP – Phyllis Smith

Comparing RNA & DNA DNA RNA Nucleotide Deoxyribose Ribose Single-stranded Double-stranded Nitrogenous bases X X X X X X X X

Comparing RNA & DNA DNA RNA Thymine Uracil Template for synthesis of nucleic acid Double helix Replication Transcription X X X X X X X

Comparing RNA & DNA DNA RNA Exact Copy Messenger More Than 1 Form Found in Nucleus Leaves Nucleus Does not Leave X X X X X X X

Interpreting Diagrams: Understanding the Main Ideas DNA codon mRNA codon tRNA Anticodon Amino Acid AAA CAG CCT CCU AUG UAC GAT CAC UUU Phenylalanine GTC GUC Glutamine GGA Glycine TAC Methionine CUA GAU Leucine GUG CAC Valine

13.1 and 13.2

RNA synthesis Transcription: Similar to DNA Replication 1. DNA DOUBLE HELIX Unwinds 2. DNA DOUBLE HELIX Unzips 3. RNA Polymerase uses 1 STRAND to create mRNA Use Promoters – tell the RNA polymerase where to stop and where to end KEY DIFFERENCE: Only uses one strand from parental DNA NOT BOTH!

INTRONS and EXONS Pre –mRNA must be edited

2 types of RNA mRNA = messenger RNA tRNA = transfer RNA Same rules of pairing for both mRNA and tRNA How are the base pairing rules different from DNA?

DNA or RNA? CCC – GGG DNA, RNA, or Both? CAT – GUA DNA, RNA, or Both? UUU – AAA DNA, RNA, or Both? TGC – ACG DNA, RNA, or Both?

The Genetic Code Nucleotides bases = A, C, G, T (U in RNA) Codon 3 nucleotide bases (or letters) = 1 word Letters of RNA: A, C, G, and U U =? U pairs with ?