Part I abhishek s arackal Indian constitution Part I abhishek s arackal

EAST INDIA COMPANY PHASE Regulating act 1773 Pitts India Act - 1784 Charter Act - 1793 C A - 1813 C A - 1833 C A - 1853

Regulating Act 1773 British Govt regulated EIC Foundation of central administration British Govt regulated EIC Governor of Bengal as Governor General of Bengal Lord Warren Hastings

Direct administration by British Pitts India - 1784 Direct administration by British EIC functions reduced

Charter Act - 1793 20 years agreement EIC trade extended

C A - 1813 EIC trade abolished

Governor General of Bengal as GG of India C A - 1833 Governor General of Bengal as GG of India Willian Bentick

Open Competitive examination C A - 1853 Open Competitive examination For civil servants

CROWN PHASE GOI ACT 1858 INDIAN COUNCIL ACT - 1861 ICA - 1892 ICA - 1909 GOI ACT 1919 GOI ACT 1935 CABINET MISSION PLAN - 1946

Known as act of “good government” Governor General as Viceroy of India GOI Act - 1858 Known as act of “good government” British crown rule Governor General as Viceroy of India Lord Canning

GOI Act 1858 created this office First secretary – Lord Stanley Secretary of State GOI Act 1858 created this office First secretary – Lord Stanley Last secretary – William Francis Hare

INTRODUCED REPRESENTATIVE INSTITUTIONS RECOGNIZE PORTFOLIO SYSTEM INDIAN COUNCIL ACT - 1861 INTRODUCED REPRESENTATIVE INSTITUTIONS RECOGNIZE PORTFOLIO SYSTEM

1. INCREASED FUNCTION OF LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS ICA - 1892 1. INCREASED FUNCTION OF LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS 2. REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM IN INDIA

FIRST ONE JOINED IN COUNCIL IS SATYENDRA PRASAD SINHA ICA - 1909 MORLEY-MINTO REFORMS FIRST ONE JOINED IN COUNCIL IS SATYENDRA PRASAD SINHA SEPERATE ELECTROTE FOR MUSLIMS INDIANS IN EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF VICEROY

MONTAGUE CHELMSFORD REFORMS GOI ACT 1919 MONTAGUE CHELMSFORD REFORMS CREATED NEW OFFICE FOR HIGH COMMISSIONER OF INDIA IN LONDON ESTABLISHED PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION INTRODUCED BICAMERALISIM

ESTABLISH ALL INDIA FEDERATION RESIDUE POWER WITH CENTRE GOI ACT 1935 ESTABLISH ALL INDIA FEDERATION RESIDUE POWER WITH CENTRE POWER DIVIDED BETWEEN CENTRE AND UNITS AS FEDERAL, PROVINCIAL AND CONCURRENT LIST

INDIAN INDEPENDENCE ACT OF 1947 INDIA AS INDEPENDENT AND SOVEREIGN STATE TWO DOMINIONS INDIA GOVT AT BOTH CENTRE AND STATE PAK

CABINET MISSION PLAN 1946 ANNOUNCED IN 16 MAY 1946 ARRIVED IN MARCH 1946 LAWRENCE CRIPPS COMPOSED OF 3 MINISTERS ALEXANDER

CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY

PRESIDENT RAJENDRA PRASAD VICE PRESIDENT H C MUKHERJI ADVISOR B N RAO DRAFT CHAIRMAN B R AMBEDKAR FIRST SESSION 9TH DEC 1946 ADOPT 26TH NOV 1949 FINAL SESSION 24TH JAN 1950

292 FROM STATES FIRST TIME MEETING 9TH DEC 1946 CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY PROPOUNDED BY M N ROY 389 MEMBERS 292 FROM STATES 93 FROM PRINCELY STATES 4 FROM CHIEF COMMISSIONER PROVINCES Ie DELHI, AJMER, COORG, BALUCHISTAN FIRST TIME MEETING 9TH DEC 1946

PAK SEPARATE – 3RD JUNE 1947 ASSEMBLY MEMBERS = 299 NEHRU’S RESOLUTION – 13 DEC 1946 NATIONAL FLAG ADOPTED – 22 JAN 1947 CONSTITUTION – 26TH NOV 1949 NATIONAL ANTHEM – 24TH JAN 1950 NATIONAL SONG – 24TH JAN 1950 ASSEMBLY FINAL SESSION – 24TH JAN 1950 CONSTITUTION IN FORCE – 26TH JAN 1950 REPUBLIC

SOURCES OF THE CONSTITUTION

GOI 1935 FEDERAL SCHEME USA FRs BRITISH PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM CANADA FEDERATION WITH STRONG CENTRE IRISH DPSP AUSTRALIA CONCURRENT LIST SOUTH AFRICA AMENDMENT SOVIET UNION FDs FRENCH REPUBLIC JAPAN PROCEDURE ESTABLISHED BY LAW GERMAN EMERGENCY

11 SESSIONS OVER 2 YEARS, 11 MONTHS, 18 DAYS ASSEMBLY 11 SESSIONS OVER 2 YEARS, 11 MONTHS, 18 DAYS 395 ARTICLES, 22 PARTS, 8 SCHEDULES NOW 450 ARTICLES IN 25 PARTS, 12 SCHEDULES NATIONAL LAW DAY – 26TH NOV 99 AMENDMENTS +

SALIENT FEATURES

TERM “FEDERAL” IS ABSENT IN IT QUASI –FEDERAL WRITTEN LONGEST TERM “FEDERAL” IS ABSENT IN IT QUASI –FEDERAL ADULTS AND UNIVERSAL FRANCHISE 18+ PARLIAMENTARY FORM ADOPTED GUARDIAN JUDICIARY - PARTLY FLEXIBLE AND PARTLY RIGID NOMINAL HEAD PRESIDENT SINGLE CITIZENSHIP COM HEADED BY PM – REAL EXECUTIVE

THE PREAMBLE

Preamble Preface to the constitution Architect J NEHRU ADOPTED JAN 22ND 1947 BORROWED FROM USA AMENDED BY 42ND AMENDMENT ACT 1976

NOT ENFORCEABLE IN A COURT OF LAW 42ND AMENDMENT ACT 1976 NOT ENFORCEABLE IN A COURT OF LAW INSERTED THE WORDS “SOCIALISM, SECULARISM, UNITY AND INTEGRITY”

CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES PART I UNION 1 TO 4 II CITIZEN 5 TO 11 III FR 12 TO 35 IV DPSP 36 TO 51 IV A FD 51 A IX PANCHAYATS 243 TO 243 O IX A MUNICIPALITIES IX B CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES XV ELECTION 324 TO 329 A XVIII EMERGENCY 352 TO 360 XX AMENDMENT 368

UNION AND TERRITORY

STATE REORGANISATION ACT - 1956 FIRST STATE ANDHRA - 1953 STATE REORGANISATION ACT - 1956 14 STATES AND 6 UTs STATES IN 2000 26TH – CHHATISGARH – NOV 1ST 27TH – UTTARAKAND – NOV 9TH 28TH – JHARKAND – NOV 15TH STATES IN 2014 29TH – TELANGANA – JUNE 2ND

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