Bell Ringer 3 rd of the Week 2 minutes

Chapter 11 Section 2

I. Who’s in Charge? A. Following Muhammad’s death in 632, problems arose about succession. B. Caliphs, which means, successor to the Messenger of God, were named to continue Muhammad’s teachings. 2 groups disagree.

Do Not shout Answer Answer in complete sentences. What caused disagreements between the people of the Arabian Peninsula?

II. Shiites C. They believe the leader needs to be a blood relative of Muhammad. D. The Rightly Guided Caliphs were the first four caliphs to rule who obeyed Islam’s teachings. Today they make up the Shiites sect of Islam.

III. Sunni E. Another sect of Islam are the Sunni who believe anyone can rule, doesn’t have to be a blood descendent of Muhammad. F. Ruled during the Umayyad caliphs from

Do Not Shout Answer Answer in complete sentences. What group of people did not believe the successor had to be a blood descendent to Muhammad?

IV. Power Struggle G. The Shiites overthrew the Sunni Umayyad dynasty. H. Abbasid dynasty (blood relative) built a new capital in Baghdad, which helped trade prosper.

V. Arab Empire Ends I. The Seljuk Turks ruled the Abbasid dynasty politically from 1055, the caliph remained its religious leader. J. 1200’s Mongols begin invading from Central Asia. 1258, conquer and burn Baghdad to the ground.

The Seljuk Turks ruled the Abbasid Dynasty, who remained the religious leader?

VI. Other Muslim Empires K. One of the largest and most powerful Muslim empires was the Ottoman Empire. L. Originates in present day Turkey in 1299, and continued until 11/1/1922.

M Suleiman I was most famous sultan during the Ottoman Empire. N. Named after Solomon, who Muslims admire as a just ruler, he lived up to his name with conquests all the way to central Europe.

Study Questions 1. This is a successor to the Messenger to God. 2. The Shiites believe the leader should be related to Muhammad by what? 3. The most famous Sultan of the Ottoman Empire? 4. What city did the Abbasid dynasty build a capital? 5. Who was Suleiman I named after? 6. The Ottoman Empire originated in what country?

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Bell Ringer 1 st of the Week p minutes

A few facts A. According to the CIA factbook, Iraq has Muslim 97% (Shi'a 60%-65%, Sunni 32%- 37%). Iran has Muslim 98% (Shi'a 89%, Sunni 9%). B. Shia more radical and militant of the two groups. C. Today, Indonesia includes more Muslims than any other nation in the world. 86 % are Muslim 201,836,837 Muslims in Indonesia

Do Not Shout answer Answer in complete sentences. Which of the two sects of Islam is more radical?

Islam Spreads D. During the next 120 years Islam spread to include all of southwest Asia, northern Africa, Spain and some of Italy, Greece and India. E. 1300’s Arab merchants crossed the Sahara to trade with kingdoms in West Africa.

F. The west African city of Timbuktu became a leading center of Muslim learning. From here to Timbuktu- name actually means far away place.

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Moguls G. Moguls were Muslim warriors who came from the mountains north of India and conquered territories with cannons, guns, elephants and horses. H. Greatest Mogul ruler was Akbar, known for his religious tolerance and abolishing slavery. I. Considered the Suleiman I of his day b/c of his acquisition of new territories and reform of law code.

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Do Not Shout Answer Answer in complete sentences. What type of weapons did the Moguls have?

The Moguls Decline J. When Akbar died, the empire begins to decline. K. Later rulers are spending too much money trying to expand the empire, then impose higher taxes on the people. Others tried to force Hindus to convert to Islam. L. Eventually, Great Britain takes control of most of India.

Study Questions 1. What country has more Muslims than any other in the world? 2. What did the Mogul ruler Akbar get rid of during his reign? 3. What city became a major center of Muslim learning in Africa? 4. Arab merchants traveled across what to trade with kingdoms in West Africa? 5. Who was Akbar compared to because of his acquisition of new territories?