4.5 I NTRO TO P ARALLEL L INES How can we recognize planes, transversals, pairs of angles formed by a transversal, and parallel lines?
D EFINITION : P ARALLEL L INES Two coplanar lines that do not intersect P LANE U NDEFINED T ERM : P LANE A surface such that if any two points on the surface are connected by a line, all points of the line are also on the surface. A plane only has 2 dimensions. Special Note: NON-Coplanar Lines are called Skew Lines
S YMBOLS FOR P ARALLEL L INES
R ECALL THE THREE UNDEFINED TERMS
D EFINITION : C OPLANAR Points, lines, and segments on the same plane. Definition: N ONCOPLANAR Points, lines, and segments not on the same plane.
A F B D G
D EFINITION : T RANSVERSAL A line that intersects two coplanar lines in two distinct points. T Note that the lines are not necessarily parallel.
D EFINITIONS : OF S PECIAL A NGLES Interior Angles – lie between the two ll lines ( 3, 4, 5, and 6) Alternate Interior Angles – are on opposite sides of the transversal. ( 3 & 6 AND 4 and 5) Same-Side Interior Angles – are on the same side of the transversal. ( 3 & 5 AND 4 & 6) T
D EFINITIONS : M ORE S PECIAL A NGLES Exterior Angles – lie outside the two lines ( 1, 2, 7, and 8) Alternate Exterior Angles – are on opposite sides of the transversal ( 1& 8 AND 2 & 7) Corresponding Angles – same location, different intersections ( 2 & 6, 4 & 8, 1 & 5, 3 & 7)