CSCW – Module 0 – Page 1 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova C S C W C omputer Supported Cooperative Work Prof. Pierre Dillenbourg Nicolas Nova CRAFT – I&C

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 2 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Groupware Same Place Different Places Same Time (synchronous) Different Times (asynchronous) , news & forums, FAQs, Blogs,community portails, reputation systems,voting systems, social navigation, … Lotus Notes; project managment tools; workflow systems Argumentation tools, Single-display groupware; Mixed reality enviornments Chat, voice & videoconf. Whiteboards, shared editors Distributed games

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 3 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Example of argumentation tool: Belvedere

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 4 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Multi-User Game

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 5 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Single Display Groupware: KidPad

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 6 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Groupware (collecticiels): tools that support team collaborative process, from small teams to large communities CSCW: the study concerned with groupware how to design groupware? how to implement it ? does it improve group performances? why is it adopted or rejected? …

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 7 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova PHASE X Maia Engeli Example: Asynchronous Collaborative Workspace

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 8 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Example of Mixed Reality Groupware: The Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory Gerhard Fischer Center for LifeLong Learning & Design (L3D) Department of Computer Science and Institute of Cognitive Science University of Colorado, Boulder

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 9 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova C S C W Computer Supported Cooperative Work DesignImplementationAnalysis

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 10 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova design Examples of design issues WYSISIS

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 11 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Non-WYSIWIS environments require awareness tools

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 12 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova design Examples of design issues Visualizing group interactions

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 13 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova E. Churchill et al, FX Palo Alto Lab Examples of design design issues: Contextualized chats

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 14 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova design Examples of design issues Roomware

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 15 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova C S C W Computer Supported Cooperative Work DesignImplementationAnalysis

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 16 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Technical features Groupware architecture: automatically manage processes, interconnections, and communications: security, robustness, access control, … Client server versus peer-to-peer Groupware abstractions: how to synchronize interaction events and the data model between processes as well as the views presented across displays Development Tools Session Management / access control: Mechanisms by which end-users create/join/leave ‘meetings’ and how access to these are restricted/controlled (e-g- “late comers” Server Client Replica

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 17 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova C S C W Computer Supported Cooperative Work DesignImplementationAnalysis

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 18 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Example of Analysis Interwoven turns do not damage chat dialogues 88.5r1Hpage sherlock but what about the gun? 88.8PrivS'Hercule which motive jealousy? He would have killed hans no? 89.3PrivS'Hercule he stole it when the colonel was in the bar 90.3r1Hpage sherlock Giuzeppe wanted to avoid that one discovers that the painting was fake. HSSH turns (from Pair 11, translated ) 43.5BarHWhy does Heidi have a motive ? 43.6BarSHow do you propose we should go further? 43.9BarHShould we merge our note books? 44.1BarSShe said that she didn't like her (and Hans) HSHS turns (from Pair 12 )

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 19 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Acknowledgment Delay: Acknowledgment Rate: MOO experiment, 20 pairs 39 sec 50% 59 sec. 34 % Example of Analysis Co-presence imparts on dialogue

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 20 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova A B C VIDEO + AUDIO A B C AUDIO Example of Analysis: Perceiving my partner’s emotions: Is video better than audio ? René Glaus (TECFA), oct Question to A: Were you nervous ? Question to B: Was A nervous ?

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 21 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Belvedere Example of Analysis: Perceiving my partner’s emotions: Is video better than audio ?

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 22 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova VideoSpace (Roussel, 2001) I see what you see I see you + design Examples of design issues

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 23 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova This course is about the user side of technology In CSCW, the user is an organization See the course. « Human-Computer Interaction » (P. Pu )

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 24 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova CSCW: Objectives  To analyze the impact of a groupware system on the cooperative processes. This requires constructing an experiment and analyzing team interactions with both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques (  project 1)  To specify a groupware system that supports specific teamwork processes. This requires analyzing the process to be supported and understanding the relationship between groupware features (architecture and functionalities) and cooperative processes. (  project 2)

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 25 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Part 1. Groupware Analysis Coordinating teamwork Coordination theory, workflows and WF-XML; standard groupware, knowledge management & project management. PROJECT 1 Learning the experimental environment, selecting the task and recruiting subjects Supporting organizations Institutional factors, resistance to change, innovation management, community platforms, peer rating, networking environments (FOAF,…), reputation systems;… Running four experiments  D1: Data files with actions and interactions Mediating informal communication Media spaces, opportunistic communication, distributed teams Group Cognition Distributed cognition, group memory. WYSIWIS, awareness tools, group mirrors, social-network analysis Building a graphical representations of group interactions  D2: Group representation Methods for evaluation Experimental methodology; statistics: introduction to inferential tests. Analysing experimental data  D3: Quantitative data analysis Dialogue Models Argumentation tools, semi-structured dialogue interfaces, speech acts theory, turn-taking rules; conversational rules, dialogue grammars … Dialogue analysis  D4: Graphical representation of a dialogue episode Shared understanding Psycholinguistics, grounding theories, why do pairs learn better than individuals? Analyzing grounding mechanisms  D5: Measuring the acknowledgment rate in the interactions files

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 26 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova PROJECT 1

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 27 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova PROJECT 1 Deliverables 1.Experiment (3 weeks) Find 4 pairs Run 3 experiments in settings 1 Run 3 experiments in settings 2 D1: Raw data 2.D2: Graphical representation of group interactions 3.D3: Quantitative comparison of settings 1 and 2 4.D4: Qualitative dialogue analysis 5.D5: Measuring grounding effort  Report.doc = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 + Synthesis = 6 pages

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 28 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova PROJECT 1 Using a groupware environment

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 29 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Part 2. Roomware Design Design methodology Usability testing, ethnographical methods, participatory design, contextual inquiry. PROJECT 2 Designing a collaboration table  D1: Table shape Physical collaboration Embodiment, single-display groupware, roomware, tangibles, phidgets, multi-input device, context aware Building the table Nomadic Teams Context awareness; locative devices ; spatial coordination; proxemics; … Running experiments with a plastic whiteboard and laptops  D2: Videotapes of group interactions Groupware Architectures Architectures and development platforms Designing a groupware for the task & tables Finalizing project 2  D3: Paper mock-up of the roomware Presenting project 2

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 30 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova PROJECT 2

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 31 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova whiteboard video PROJECT 2

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 32 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova PROJECT 2 Deliverables 1.D1: Table Shape 2.D2: VideoTape 3.D3: Roomware Mock-Up  Presenting D3

CSCW – Module 0 – Page 33 P. Dillenbourg & N. Nova Other Course Info 6 credits  significant workload Mark : – 60 % : Project 1 (report) – 40 % : Project 2 (presentation) Projects: groups of 3 Course –Lectures: Tuesday 08:15  10:00 –Exercices: Tuesday 10:15  12:00 Use the TeamFrame environments (Also accessible on IPAQs) For next week: mail to Nicolas Team = 3 X [name + sciper # + ]