K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting1 Opto-IC/Board K.K. Gan The Ohio State University WBS & 4 July 9, 2003

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting2 Outline l Introduction l VDC/DORIC l Opto-board l Cost and schedule summary l Conclusions

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting3 ATLAS Pixel Opto-link

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting4 OSU Responsibilities l VDC and DORIC: P design P testing of 50% of final production l Opto-board: P design and fabrication P testing of 50% of final production?

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting5 OSU ATLAS Personnel l Faculty K.K. Gan, Harris Kagan, Richard Kass l Research Associates Amir Rahimi, Mike Zoeller l Graduate Students Kregg Arms, Rouben Ter-Antonian l Engineers Mark Johnson, Chuck Rush l Technicians Jim Burns, Jason Moore, Shane Smith, Bob Wells new

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting6 l VDC: convert LVDS signal into single-end signal to drive VCSEL l DORIC: extract clock and command signal from bi-phase mark encoded signal received at PIN l five IBM prototype runs with various improvements and changes in response to opto-pack evolution u four MPW runs plus one with FE/MCC-I1 l VDC/DORIC-I5e were submitted with MCC-I2 as engineering run u convert from 3-metal MPW layout to 5-metal layout u minor improvements in DORIC-I5e P this will be production run if performance is satisfactory Status of VDC/DORIC

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting7 l bright current is similar to I5 l dim current is similar to I5 and close to target 1 mA l rise/fall times, duty cycle, current consumption within specs VDC-I5e: Bright and Dim Currents vs. I set VDC-I5e VDC-I5 high power oxide VCSEL

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting8 l started with 1-channel VCSEL l adapted 8-channel p+ VCSEL to use with MT connector l converted to oxide VCSEL because p+ has been discontinued by Truelight l converted to high-power oxide VCSEL because normal oxide has been discontinued by Truelight VCSEL Opto-pack Evolution

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting9 l p+/oxide VCSELs have similar optical power in operating range (10-20 mA) l oxide VCSELs have larger effective serial resistance  smaller VCSEL current when driven by VDC I-V Curves/Optical Power of P+, Normal & High Power Oxide VCSELs high power oxide (3 arrays) normal oxide high power oxide (2 arrays) p+

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting10 l some VCSEL arrays contain a channel with much larger effective serial resistance  maximum VCSEL current of 10 mA when driven by VDC  significantly below target of 20 mA annealing current I-V Curve of High Power Oxide VCSELs normal oxide high power oxide p+ with 10  high power oxide

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting11 l some links have twice as worse PIN current thresholds for no bit errors l measured with all clocks running asynchronically High Power Oxide VCSEL with Negative Common Cathode 20 mA V -0.2 V 10 mA V gnd other 80  A other links off

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting12 l PIN current thresholds for no bit errors measured with 44-pin packages l thresholds are low and similar to DORIC-I5  expect lower thresholds on opto-board as DORIC-I5 l upper thresholds > 1200  A l successfully converted reset from active high to low DORIC-I5e: PIN Current Thresholds for No Bit Errors

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting13 l control circuit boards:designed/built/tested l LabView programs:written/tested l VDC/DORIC QA plan: n currently use packaged chips to exercise QA system n have received probe cards  perform QA with probe station l opto-board QA plan: n perform QA in temperature controlled chamber  QA system almost ready for production VDC/DORIC/Opto-board Quality Assurance

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting14 l converts: optical signal  electrical signal l contains 6-7 optical links: P layers 1 and 2 optical link: u 2 DORICs, 2 VDCs, PIN/VCSEL (opto-pack) P B layer optical link: u 2 DORICs, 4 VDCs, PIN/2 VCSEL (opto-pack) l use BeO for heat management but prototype initially in FR-4 for fast turnaround and cost saving u have four FR-4 prototype runs to accommodate various design changes in chips/opto-packs Opto-Board

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting15 l First batch: n 30 boards delivered in April n several open vias on each board due to insufficient gold filling  repair with wire-wrap wires Status of BeO Opto-board VDC-I5opto-pack

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting16 PIN Current Thresholds for No Bit Errors l low PIN current thresholds for no bit errors independent of activity in adjacent channels  no design errors

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting17 l Second batch: n 31 boards delivered in June n vias overfilled and excess metal ground away  no open vias n 17 boards have shorts between power and ground lines n attempt to populate a second BeO board: u opto-pack housing fits well u one DORIC mounted backward u no visible damage to adjacent chip after replacement u board failed to work  replaced both DORICs  opto-board now works! Status of BeO Opto-board

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting18 BeO Opto-board from 2nd Batch VDC housing DORIC opto-pack latch broken 34.7 o C 36.4 o C Ambient: 22.5 o C

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting19 l both opto-boards have low PIN current thresholds for no bit errors independent of activity in adjacent channels u will produce opto-boards with second vendor PIN Current Thresholds for No Bit Errors 2nd batch 1st batch OSU

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting20 Opto-Link Proton Irradiations l four 24-GeV proton irradiations at CERN in last three years P OSU designed and fabricated all test systems: u cold box: electrical test of DORIC/VDC u shuttle: test of opto-link on opto-boards BER tester fibers opto-board

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting21 l duty cycle increases by ~ 2% after 58 Mrad VDC-I4: Clock Duty Cycle vs. Dosage

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting22 l VCSELs annealed with 20 mA during indicated periods l PIN current thresholds for no bit errors remain constant up to 21 Mrad Opto-Board Bit Error Threshold vs. Dosage Dosage/VCSEL Annealing Time

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting23 l opto-link with DORIC/VDC-I3 and p+ VCSEL opto-pack meets radiation specs l August 2003 irradiation: P double irradiation statistics: u cold box:four 4-channel DORIC/VDC u shuttle:four opto-boards Proton Irradiation Summary and Plan

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting24 l cost adjustments: P BeO opto-board prototype run with new vendor: $15K P increase cost for production BeO boards: $30K P increase cost for SMD mounting of production BeO boards: $3K P technician for opto-board production: $57K l no funds allocated in FY04 irradiation: P need irradiation of random sample of production opto-boards? l WBS FY04 P ETC03: $78K? P ETC04: $78K+$105K Changes in ETC04

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting25 Opto-Board Milestones 4 4 ???

K.K. GanUS ATLAS Pixel Meeting26 l preliminary results indicate that DORIC/VDC-I5e can be used for production opto-boards l BeO prototype opto-board can operate with low PIN current thresholds u no technical problem is foreseen but first vendor is unsatisfactory Summary