Organization & Management MPA 505 Alfredo A. Derecho, MBA,DPA Southwestern University Cebu City, Philippines

Basic Elements of an Organization Objectives and Mission to accomplish Goals to achieve Employ individuals to man the positions Acquire and allocate resources Use some form of structure for coordinating functions of the various units of work Decide who among members of the working group will manage & supervise the operations

Organizational Models Classical bureaucratic model Neo-Bureaucratic Model Institutional Model Human Relations Model Public Choice Model

Classical Bureaucratic Model Major components: Structure or design of the organization Hierarchical arrangement of units & pyramidal structure in position Division of labor – duties & power Rules for carrying out tasks is uniformly applied Impersonal relations among members - formal establish norms of conduct Choice of personnel based on technical competence The ways people and work are managed Advocates scientific study & design of work flow & procedure Provides sociological, psychological & economic needs of employees Employees contribute their expertise & skills

Neo-Bureaucratic Model Value orientation is still classical bureaucratic – 3 E’s Control mechanism & structural framework same as classical bureaucratic Focus on policy decision & justification for the use of decision-making process. – Fayol’s 14 principles of management augmented by Gulick & Urwick – POSDCORB that became the principle of Administration.

Institutional Model Focuses on the organizational structure of government Describes the relations among different hierarchical levels & studies what is being done at each level Most concerned with constitutional, legal & administrative rules as bases for administering the affairs of the state

Human Relations Model Organization is people; what counts most is individuals who fill the positions & not the positions with the description of functions to be performed Elton Mayo’s Hawthorne experiment ushered the social system and social structure theory of organization Human beings relate to one another thru network of sentiments & feelings Efforts be made to achieve internal equilibrium by harmonizing personal & emotional factors of the organizations equation Recognition of informal group & employees feelings by management

Public Choice Model Theory: government is inherently inefficient that private management is better, government should emulate or defer to the private sector Emphasizes provisioning of goods and services by decision makers at different levels Authority should be delegated and assigned to different levels Paradigm of “ democratic administration” Civil service professionals to man bureaucracy

Nature of Administrative Organization Organizing Departmentalization Coordination Establishing clear-cut procedures and rules Use of the hierarchical structure Use of matrix departmentalization Introducing dominant idea or rationale Span of Control Centralization vs Decentralization

Research Assignment-1 Distinguish Centralization vs Decentralization Setbacks of Decentralization Benefits of Decentralization Manner of Decentralization Verdana font 12” Double Space January 20

Research Assignment-2 Reaction paper ( articles) Administrative Traditions From Public Administration to Public Management, from Governance to Governmentality: Conceptual Challenges to Public Administration by Romeo Ocampo Verdana 12 font Double space Deadline March 25