Supporting Market Adoption of Contactless Fingerprint Capture Technologies John Libert ITL/Information Access Division

Evolution of Fingerprint Technologies Inked Tenprint Livescan Tenprint – Appendix-F (Forensic) IQS * ID-Flats – PIV † IQS Contactless Fingerprint – Rolled? Slap? IQS? * Image Quality Specification † Personal Identity Verification 2 ? Credit: ©Axstokes/Shutterstock.com

History of Technology Validation & Adoption Ink to Livescan Livescan to ID-Flats Livescan/ID-Flats to Contactless 3 ?

1. Ink to Livescan Ink impressed from tops of ridges and absorbed by paper fibers versus Light frustrated from tops of ridges touching the glass platen (FTIR * ) Road to Adoption – Studies, demonstrations, pilots – Appendix-F IQS, Certified Products List 4 *Frustrated Total Internal Reflection

2. Livescan to ID-Flats FTIR versus FTIR Rolled versus Plain Road to Adoption – Studies, demonstrations, pilots – Personal Identify Verification (PIV) IQS, Certified Products List 5

3. Livescan/ID-Flats to Contactless FTIR versus Touchless +Z-axis freedom +Direct sensing (sides of ridges in-light / in-shadow) +Unwrapping? +Under motion? Unlike FTIR, sensor solutions differ between contactless fingerprint technology developers Touchless fingerprints must be matchable to the hundreds of millions of touch-based fingerprints on file Road to Adoption? – Studies, demonstrations, pilots – New Testing Methods and Metrics for New Certified Products List Not a simple extension of Appendix-F or PIV IQS 6 ?

NIST CRADA Program (Contactless Fingerprint Capture Device Measurement Research) CRADA – Cooperative Research and Development Agreement – NIST working with industry to develop common criteria, testing methods and metrics to ensure new contactless devices produce fingerprint images that are reliable and appropriate for intended applications 7

Why NIST? Advances measurement science, standards and technology to enhance economic security and improve our quality of life Measures and evaluates information technology – Accuracy - How well it performs – Interoperability - How well it works with other technologies Promotes standards and best practices – Key to making things interoperable Advances image-based biometric technologies through evaluation and standardization – Fingerprint, Face, and Iris – 50+ Years 8

NIST and Industry Need to determine a set of common testing requirements and methods that work across different contactless technology solutions New testing methods and metrics cannot be successfully developed independently – Not by NIST alone – Not by any Technology Developer alone NIST set up CRADA program so Industry can enter into a trustworthy partnership where: +New devices (prototypes or products) shared with NIST +Technical details about each device shared with NIST NIST is very pleased that MorphoTrak & 3M chose to be early collaborators with NIST under this program! 9

Research Strategy Guiding Principle Test each contactless capture device under conditions for which designed – At distance, under motion, with finger(-like) targets,... Turn off as little functionality as possible (ideally, none) Simply taking pictures of flat stationary optical targets is not sufficient 10

Evaluation Categories Image Accuracy* Repeatability Reliability – Matchability * Primary focus of Appendix-F and PIV IQS 11

NIST’s Goal Help industry bring contactless fingerprint devices to market quickly and responsibly Capabilities of the device properly matched and validated to the requirements of the intended application 12

Strategy to Support Industry Technology “Slot” New Devices into Existing Application Profiles Drive Interoperability of New Technologies Identify New Applications w/ New Requirements Standards Adapt & Extend Certification Testing Methods Develop New Fingerprint Acquisition Profiles (FAPs) Update ANSI/NIST-ITL Biometrics Interchange Standard 13

Supporting Market Adoption of Contactless Fingerprint Capture Technologies