GUJARAT KNOWLEDGE VILLAGE Faculty Name:- Prof H.M.Patel Students Name:- SONI VISHAL THAKKER BHAVIN ZALA JAYDIP ZALA JAYDIP Subject:-CPU Branch:-EE

ALU CPU CU

 Every ‘C’ PROGRAM HAS TO FOLLOW SPECIFIC STRUCTURE..  ‘C’ program must have at least one function called as main(). o The main() function has control over the other part of the program.

Documentation Header files Constants and Global variables Void main() { Statement(s) } User defined functions and procedures with their body

TYPE SIZE RANGE OF VAL char 1 Bytes -128 to +127 int 2 Bytes to float 4 Bytes 3.4e-38 to 3.4e+38 double 8 Bytes 1.7e-308 to 1.7e+308

 1.) Numeric constants  2.) Non Numeric constants

 It is a number type of constants.  It can be Integer constant or real constant.  Integer constant can be positive and negative number.  This is a valid number.  15  -345  0  +7463

 These are the constants which is represent other than number.  They are two types.....  1.) Character constants  2.) String constants Character constants are single character and are enclosed in single quotes. ‘c’ ‘?’ ‘5’

 Arithmetic operators  Relational operators  Logical operators  Assignment operators  Increment and Decrement operators  Conditional operators  Bitwise operators  Other special operators

 Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations.  OPERATORS NAME MEANING + Add - Subtract * Multiply % Divide

 Relational operators are used to compare variables or constants..  OPERATOR NAME MEANING == Equals != Not equal to > Greater than < Less than

 operator name meaning && Logical AND II Logical OR ! Logical NOT

operator name meaning a= a + 5; a +=5; a= a -5; a -=5; a= a *5; a *=5; a= a /5; a /=5; a= a %5; a %=5;

 ++ increment operators  -- decrement operators  If a is a variable,, then ++a is called prefix increment.  If ‘a’ is a variable,, then a++ is called postfix increment.

 The files includes at the beginning of ‘C’ program and having an extension.h are called as header files.  stdio.h standard input output functions.  conio.h console input output functions.  string.h string processing functions.  math.h mathematical functions  ctype.h character type checking functions.

 If the operands are of different type, then the operand with a lower type is upgraded to the higher type and then the operation is performed. * / % first priority + - second priority

 When user need the type conversion explicitly, then type casting is used.  Remember that type conversion is automatic while type casting is explicitly specific by the programmer in the program.  The type casting can be specified in followed form.  ( type name ) expression;

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