A Study of the Kinematics of Upper Limb Tasks By Martyn Bates Student Number: Mechanical Engineering with Design BEng Project Supervisor: Dr Sian Lawson

Introduction & Background 1 in 6 people suffer from arthritis Define a range of ‘Normality’ for Shoulder motion Able-bodied subjects Help to quantify the benefits of Shoulder replacements Investigations into maximum range

The Human Shoulder Complex 3 Bones 4 Articulations 30 Muscles Spatial position of the Humerus defined by 3 terms

Method 26 Subjects 15 Tasks Crest laboratory VICON motion system and reflective markers JCS – Joint Coordinate System Bodybuilder & Models

Results Results from: – 4 tasks – Subjects over 50 years old Over 90% of data was not analysed Range of Glenohumeral Motion: – Flexion: -67˚ to +170˚ – Abduction: -39˚ to +120 – Rotation: -35˚ to +120˚

Typical Result

Conclusions Does not provide a complete definition of Normal Shoulder motion – Errors – More data required Useful for assessing the range of motion required for certain tasks Further investigations could provide a definitive definition of Normal Motion

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