Chapter Sixth Edition World Civilizations The Global Experience World Civilizations The Global Experience Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrialization and Imperialism: The Making of the European Global Order 29

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrialization and Imperialism I.The Shift to Land Empires in Asia II.Industrial Rivalries and the Partition of the World, 1870–1914 III.Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert European Colonial Territories Before and After 1800

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert European Colonial Territories Before and After 1800

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Shift to Land Empires in Asia Prototype: The Dutch Advance on Java –Dutch  Initially pay tribute to ruler of Mataram  Take part in political rivalry  Intervene in succession wars  By 1750, dominate

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Stages of Dutch Expansion in Java

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Consolidation of British Rule Mughal decline gives British opportunity Presidencies –Capitals: Madras, Bombay, Calcutta Rest of India indirectly ruled

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Growth of the British Empire in India, From the 1750s to 1858

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Early Colonial Society in India and Java Asian societies left in place –Europeans a dominant class Males marry indigenous women

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Social Reform in the Colonies British forced to take direct control –1770s, famine in Bengal –British East India Company  Accountable to British government –Indians excluded from administration

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Social Reform in the Colonies Evangelical religion –Social reform –End to slave trade –End to sati sought Watershed –Attempt to reshape colonial society

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Industrial Rivalries and the Partition of the World, Unequal Combat: –Colonial Wars and the Apex of European  Imperialism –Mass-produced weapons  Machine gun –Railroads, steam ships

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Partition of Africa between c and 1914

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert The Partition of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, to 1914

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change "Tropical dependencies" –Africa, Asia, South Pacific –Europeans rule indigenous peoples Settler colonies –"White Dominions"  e.g. Canada, Australia  Inhabitants mostly Europeans

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change Second type –e.g. Algeria, Kenya, Southern Rhodesia –Large numbers of Europeans –Large indigenous numbers  Increase over time –Increasing conflict

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Colonial Regimes and Social Hierarchies in the Tropical Dependencies Cultural influence –English language education –Missionaries run schools

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Changing Social Relations Between Colonizers and the Colonized European communities grow –Increasing segregation Ideas of white supremacy Shifts in Methods of Economic Extraction –Drive to increase production, lower costs  Many colonies become dependent –Railways, roads built to serve extraction

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Changing Social Relations Between Colonizers and the Colonized Settler Colonies in South Africa and the Pacific –Relations varied  Disease decimates in some cases  Some native peoples Westernized  Some more resistant

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert British Investment Abroad on the Eve of World War I

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert South Africa Afrikaners –Enslave Khoikhoi British rule –Attempt to end slavery –Afrikaners resist  Move inland: Great Trek  Conflict with Bantu –British more involved

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert South Africa Afrikaners form republics –Discovery of diamonds and gold –Boer wars ( )

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Pacific Tragedies New Zealand –1790s, first Europeans –Alcoholism, prostitution spread –Maoris adopt firearms –1850s, change  British farmers, herders arrive  Maoris pushed into interior  Adopt European culture

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Pacific Tragedies Hawaii –James Cook –Prince Kamehameha  Westernization  1810, rules Hawaiian kingdom  Disease devastates population

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Sixth Edition Stearns Adas Schwartz Gilbert Pacific Tragedies Hawaii –Shift  Asian workers  American settlers Push for annexation  Weak rulers pushed out 1893, last ruler deposed  1898, annexed by United States