Digital Imaging, Photography, Videography

Photography Writing with light

Photography - What is it? What are some of the things it is used for? – –Visual Communication Many different things to different people – –Hobby, Avocation, Vocation, Work

Photography - History years of photography Unique ability of silver to react to light energy William Henry Fox Talbot Daguerre Eastman - Kodak

Subtractive Primaries

What is light? Electromagnetic spectrum – – nm – –Ultraviolet to Infrared UV shorter than 400 nm IR longer than 700 nm – –Films & CCDs(sensors) can record extended range

Photography - What is it? Traditional Process – –Light reacts with silver halide – –Creates latent image(invisible) – –Chemical process develops image produce negative or positive – –Print made from negative Photographic process repeated

Photography - What is it? Digital Process – –Light reacts with light sensor CCD, CMOS – –Image stored in memory – –Image in memory downloaded or viewed directly – –Print made from digital file

Photographs are converted to bitmaps or Captured as bitmaps Movies are captured as a series of bitmaps Each frame = bitmap

Digital Images Pixels - Picture Element Pixels per inch

Computer Graphics File Types – –Bitmap – –Vector

Bitmaps bmp jpeg tiff gif Pict(combo) Proprietary

Digital Images Dots per inch Lines per inch – –Halftones Lines per mm imaging/05-Res.html imaging/05-Res.html

Vector EPS(?) AI Pict CGM WMF

Scanners Drum Flatbed Film

Scanners Optical resolution Interpolated resolution

Scanning Software Photoshop plugin Photo Deluxe Wang Imaging ETC.

Scanning How much information do you need? How much information do you need? –Line Art(One Bit - B&W) Output resolutionOutput resolution –Grayscale(254 shades of grey w/B&W) No more than 1.5 final LPINo more than 1.5 final LPI –Color Same as grey scaleSame as grey scale Unless outputting to high resolution film recorderUnless outputting to high resolution film recorder LPI is NOT DPI LPI is NOT DPI

Storing Digital Images Magnetic Optical – –Archival

Storage Photo CD Photo CD –Five Resolutions up to 8X10 $2.00 per image$2.00 per image 100 pictures per CD100 pictures per CD Picture CD Picture CD –1024X768 = 4X6 inch print Picture Disk Picture Disk –640X480 = Computer display

Resolution /tms/imaging/dpidemo.htm /tms/imaging/dpidemo.htm /tms/imaging/dpidemo.htm /tms/imaging/dpidemo.htm

Storage Size More bits More bits –more information Bigger size Bigger size –more space

Compression Lossless for still pictures Lossless for still pictures –LZW Lossy Lossy –JPEG –MPEG MPEG2 audio layer 3MPEG2 audio layer 3 –MP3

Digital Cameras CCD CCD CMOS CMOS

Digital Cameras Resolution Resolution –Screen 640X480 –Megapixel 1000x M approx $ M approx $800 Good quality 8X10Good quality 8X10

Digital Cameras $ $ –Kodak, Apple, Ricoh, Epson, Olympus $ ,000 $ ,000 –Nikon, Fuji, Canon Digital Back Digital Back

Digital Cameras Image Storage in camera Image Storage in camera –SCSI HD –Floppy Disk –Built-in RAM –Smart Media –Memory Stick(SONY)

Digital Cameras Image Transfer Image Transfer –Serial –SCSI –Parallel –USB –Firewire-IEE 1394 –PCMCIA Card Reader

Digital Cameras Number of Photos Resolution of Photos

Digital Cameras Exposure Controls Lens – –Quality – –Zoom – –Digital Zoom/Optical Zoom

Digital Cameras Digital Video – –Sony DVX 1000(Mini DV) – –Canon Optura(Mini DV) – –Sony Digital 8MM(D8)

Digital Cameras Digital Video – –Storage tape – –CD-R – –DVD-R Digital information

Analog Capture Video card Regular VCR(NTSC video) DAC(digital to analog conversion)

Digital Stream Capture Firewire All ready digital No loss in DAC

Capture Software Premiere Video Studio iMovie Final Cut Pro ETC.

Digital Cameras Video Storage – –SCSI HD – –IDE HD – –CD-R – –DVD-R 1-20 MB per second

Digital Images Input Processing Output

Using Digital Images Publication Presentation Electronic Publication Traditional Output

Advanced Uses Electronic Delivery – –QTVRQTVR – –StreamingStreaming

Playtime Olympus 3030 – –Still – –Movie – –Smart Media