Hydrocarbon Derivatives Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids.

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Presentation transcript:

Hydrocarbon Derivatives Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids

Amines Contain a N General Format: R  NH 2 -NH 2 = amino group (Remember, N has a bonding capacity of 3.) Since molecules can contain H bonded to N, hydrogen bonding occurs, but it is weaker than hydrogen bonding in alcohols and carboxylic acids. Amines smell really, really bad.

Table R Shows format R  N  R” This is a 3  amine. 1  amines: R  N  H 2  amines: R  N  R’ R’  H  H 

Naming Amines Find name of base hydrocarbon. Drop final –e. Add “-amine.” If necessary, use a # in front of name to give location of amino group.

H H H H  C  C  N  H H H     Ethanamine H H H H H  C  C  C  N  H H H H      1-propanamine

H N H H  C  C  C  H H H H      < H 2-propanamine CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH 2   1,3-propanediamine

CHCH 2 CH 2 CH NH 2  NH 2  NH 2  NH 2 1,1,4,4-butanetetraamine

Examples of amines PABA Caffeine Novacain B-vitamins Preparation of dyes

Amides Contain a carbonyl group, >C=O, & an amino group,  NH 2 group. The amino group is bonded to the C of the carbonyl group. Links amino acids together.

Table R General Format: R  C  NH 2 or R  C  NH It’s like taking a carboxylic acid, RCOOH, and replacing the -OH with NH 2. RCO-NH 2. In this case, no # is needed in name. Amide group is at end of molecule. = O = O  R’

Naming Amides Find the name of the alkane with the same # of C’s, drop the final –e, & replace it with –amide.

H  C  C  NH 2 HH HH = O Ethanamide CH 3 CH 2 CNH 2 = O Propanamide

Properties of Amides Have strong hydrogen bonding, so high boiling points. Simple amides are solids at room temp. Smaller amides are very soluble in water.

Amino Acids Have to recognize them. Contain a carboxyl group (-COOH). Contain an amine group (-NH 2 ). nextAmino group is on the C next to the carboxyl group. Don’t have to name them.

C CH 3  C  C NH 2  = O  OH AminoAcids Amino Acidsalanine C CH 2  C NH 2  = O  OH glycine