THE ALEVO ECOSYSTEM ENERGY STORAGE SUPERCOMPUTING CYBER SECURITY ANALYTICS ECOSYSTEM ANALYTICS ENERGY STORAGE SUPERCOMPUTING CYBER SECURITY FREQUENCY REGULATION ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM RENEWABLES INTEGRATION T&D DEFERRALS PEAK SHAVING SPINNING RESERVES VOLTAGE SUPPORT RAMPING SUPPORT REAL TIME DISPATCH OPTIMIZATION POWER MARKET MODELING AND ANALYSIS DISTRIBUTED STORAGE ASSESSMENTS MARINE TRUCK & BUS ENVIRONMENT

GridBanks are scalable energy reservoirs that store and deliver grid-scale electricity on demand. 1 MWh of energy / 2 MW power continuously Peak power capabilities of 4 MW No risk of fire or explosion High efficiency / Low internal resistance Low cooling needs / Air cooled The standard configuration is coupled to 2 MW inverter (inverter primary supplier is Parker Hannifin.) 50,000 Cycle Battery 2 MW / 1 MWh GRIDBANK – GRID SCALE ENERGY STORAGE STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

EnergyAncillarySub-HourlyCapacity Frequency Response/ Regulation Voltage Control Black StartEmissions Permitting & Siting Transient Stability T&D Utilization T&D Deferrals Other Sectors Reliability Public Policy Benefit STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL GENERATION TRANSMISSION DEMAND / DG DISTRIBUTION

USA COMPETITIVE SERVICES COMPETITIVE SERVICES Order 755, “Frequency Regulation Compensation in the Organized Wholesale Power Market,” requires regional transmission organizations (RTOs) and independent system operators (ISOs) to adopt a two-part market-based compensation method for frequency regulation services A capacity payment reflecting opportunity costs A market-based performance payment (This payment rewards faster-ramping resources) Studies run by DNV KEMA illustrated that fast ramping resources have a 3X effectiveness in providing regulation services The graph to the right illustrates the ability of fast ramping resources (bottom right) to follow AGC (Automated Generator Control – 2s signal) while a slow ramping generator unit is unable to accurately follow the ramp signal (top right).

National Grid UK – Enhanced Frequency Response Inerta Fading on System Sub-Second Maximum deadband +0.1Hz full output in 1s from the detection of a frequency deviation. availability performance of greater than 95% minimum sustained delivery duration of 9 seconds

National Development Network Development Plan 2015 Emerging Technologies Information Paper AEMO’s initial modelling of the impact of battery storage, electric vehicles and fuel switching in the 20- year NEFR outlook period. Modelling battery storage: no mechanism for tracking the number of installations in Australia. AEMO has developed the first step of its economic model to estimate the uptake of battery storage systems by residential consumers

Randell Johnson, PhD, P.E. Chief Analyst, Alevo