Antar Abdellah
Performance: “all the activity of a given participant on a given occasion which serves to influence in any way any of the other participants” [Goffman] Participants in an interaction need to know who (what kind of person) they are talking to and therefore look for signs in people’s appearance and behavior. Individuals express themselves and impress others in some way.
Speakers tend to use varieties of English, or other languages, to foreground different aspects of their identity. Speaking Style: the distinctive ways of speaking associated with particular speakers or particular contexts. Sociolinguistics: p. 105
Asian Americans tend to exaggerate intonation of the pronoun- their speaking style. [ activity 1]. Answering on behalf of a boy, clothing, hair and stance…. Style performance… Certain linguistic features (accent, dialect..etc) acquire a complex of social meanings, based on their association with particular social groups, settings and activities.
Eckert identifies differences in the speaking styles of fe/male Ss in a high school. Speaking in a certain way..help to construct a particular identity. Grammatical features [use of negation], and pronunciation [certain vowels]. Burnouts and jocks differences p. 107
Nerd identity : socially inept, studious Nerds (and squares) are not cool… [extract p. 108] Pronunciation of nerdy and trendy Ss.. Erich & Beth: falling intonation, lengthened sounds, resisting reduction.. Commnet p. 110
The fact of switching signals different aspects of identity: local solidarity (based on Swahili) and educatedness/ upward social mobility (based on English) p. 111
Colloquial and standard English Standard serves the identity of a hostess Slang serves the identity of a friend and a community member Pearl: I’m so glad you could make it Ain’t this rain awful? [p. 111]. Code switching/ style shifting
The use of language which does not belong to the speaker; especially in ethnic boundaries. Used for insulting others [ reading 2, example 1, p. 132] Ex 1: change of lang. Ex 2: using Creole Ex 3: change into Indian
Language crossing is a form of double voicing according to BAKHTIN. CARRYING THE TASTE OF OTHER SPAKERS AND OTHER CONTEXTS.
People use language to style themselves. Style shift to indicate identity or association with certain groups. Language shifting Code switching Language crossing Double voicing
ejM As you watch this video find the following: - example of language for identity -example of code switching (why?) - a metaphor - a pun (verbal or non verbal) - example of language crossing - example of style shifting
Triangulation Diachronic Ethnomethodology Prosody Paralanguage