Mid-Level Fluency

Warm-Up Activity: Brainstorm the characteristics of these readers.

More Fluent Readers Fluid Reads in phrases and clauses Uses punctuation for effect Good expression Sounds like they are comprehending Less Fluent Readers Choppy Word by word Ignores punctuation Lacks expression Limited comprehension Repetitions Decoding errors

Fluency Definition Assessment Instruction

Definition of Fluency Accuracy of Word Recognition Automaticity in Word Recognition Interpretive and Meaningful Reading

Accuracy in Word Recognition Decoding Accuracy – the ability of readers to decode words accurately in text.

Automaticity in Word Recognition Automaticity – the ability of readers to decode words in text with minimal use of attentional resources. “…I have found strong correlations between oral reading fluency measurements and students’ performance on standardized test of reading achievement for students at primary, intermediate, middle, and even secondary school levels.” Rasinski, 2004

Interpretative and Meaningful Reading Meaningful Reading - the ability of readers to appropriately use phrasing and expression. **This is often referred to as prosody.

I didn’t say Sam rode my red bike.

Assessment Provides teachers with information to plan regular classroom instruction as well as additional or more targeted instruction (intervention) Identifies students who are not responding well to instructional efforts

Assessment of Fluency Word Recognition Accuracy (Decoding) Reading Fluency – Automaticity/Rate Reading Fluency – Prosody

Assessment Procedure Administer assessment Analyze assessment - Determine Word Recognition Accuracy - Compare to Target Rate Norms - Rate Reading Fluency-Prosody Record data on Class Record Sheet and Individual Student Record Sheet

Grade 7: Form A – B Administering Assessment

Word Recognition Accuracy Divide the total number of words read correctly by the total number of words read (correct and incorrect). For example, if the student read 94 words with 8 errors, the percentage of words read correctly would be reflected in following fraction. 86/94 (86 divided by 94) = 91.5%

Oral Reading Fluency Target Rate Norms GradeFallWinterSpring 5 th Grade * th Grade * th Grade * th Grade * 171 * English Language Arts Framework, Revised 2003

Reading Fluency - Prosody Expression and Volume Phrasing and Intonation Smoothness Pace

Recording Data

You have data, now what?

Literacy Block Language Study Spelling/Word Study Vocabulary Study Fluency Study Reading Workshop Writing Workshop

Language Study Spelling/Word Study Vocabulary Study Fluency Study Read Aloud Performance Reading

Read Aloud Feathers and Fools By: Mem Fox

Performance Reading Choices Student-Led Read Aloud Radio Reading Book Talks Book Buddies Recorded Books Page

Performance Reading Choices Reader’s Theater (page 118) Poetry Performance (page 130) Songs and Song Lyrics (page 134)

Literacy Block Language Study Spelling/Word Study Vocabulary Study Fluency Study Reading Workshop Writing Workshop

Interventions Paired Reading (page 74) Fluency Phrases (page 106) Phrased Text Lesson (page 151) Repeated Reading While Listening (page 138) Oral Recitation Lesson (ORL page 139) Fluency Development Lesson (FDL page 145)

Fluency Definition Assessment Instruction

References Rasinski, T., & Padak, N. (2005). 3-Minute Reading Assessements Word Recognition, Fluency, and Comprehension Grades 5-8. New York, NY: Scholastic. Rasinski, T. (2003). The Fluent Reader, New York, NY: Scholastic. Fox, Mem.(1989).Feathers and Fools, New York, NY: Voyager Books, Harcourt. CIERA (2001). Put Reading First: The Research Building Blocks for Teaching Children to Read. Washington, D.C.: National Institute for Literacy, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and U.S. Department of Education. National Reading Panel (2000). Teaching Children to Read. Washington, D.C: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute for Literacy and U.S. Department of Education. Rasinski, T. (2004). Assessing Reading Fluency, Honolulu, HI: Pacific Resources for Education and Learning. Fletcher, R, & Portalupi, J. (2002). When Students Write, Tape 1. Stenhouse Publishing.