The Ancient Israelites Chapter 2 Lesson 4

Introduction Ancient Israelites Small kingdom in Southwest AsiaSmall kingdom in Southwest Asia Ancestors of the Jewish peopleAncestors of the Jewish people Old Testament of the BibleOld Testament of the Bible

Abraham Originally AbramOriginally Abram Born in UrBorn in Ur Worshipped one God – monotheismWorshipped one God – monotheism God “spoke” to himGod “spoke” to him Covenant – Special Agreement with GodCovenant – Special Agreement with God CanaanCanaan Changed his name as a promise to GodChanged his name as a promise to God Isaac –Jewish Ishmael - ArabIsaac –Jewish Ishmael - Arab

Moses and the Ten Commandments Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sonsAbraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sons Jacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors became known as IsraelitesJacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors became known as Israelites Famine – Israelites went to Egypt for food and workFamine – Israelites went to Egypt for food and work Later enslaved by Egyptian RulersLater enslaved by Egyptian Rulers Moses led a revolt against EgyptiansMoses led a revolt against Egyptians Exodus – journey back to CanaanExodus – journey back to Canaan

The Ten Commandments Given to Moses from GodGiven to Moses from God A set of laws for responsible behaviorA set of laws for responsible behavior Important part of Judaism, Christianity, and IslamImportant part of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam All of these stories – First five books of the Hebrew Bible (Torah)All of these stories – First five books of the Hebrew Bible (Torah)

Israel and Judah Returned to Canaan – Named it the Land of IsraelReturned to Canaan – Named it the Land of Israel Saul – First King 1020 BCSaul – First King 1020 BC King David – built up Jerusalem (died in 961 BC)King David – built up Jerusalem (died in 961 BC) King Solomon (David’s son) – Split into northern (Israel) and southern kingdom (Judah)King Solomon (David’s son) – Split into northern (Israel) and southern kingdom (Judah) –King Solomon was known for his great wisdom

Israel and Judah Israel–Conquered by Assyrians 721 BCIsrael–Conquered by Assyrians 721 BC Judah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BCJudah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BC Judeans were enslaved by Babylonians, and exiled them to Babylonia.Judeans were enslaved by Babylonians, and exiled them to Babylonia. Babylonians conquered by PersiansBabylonians conquered by Persians They set the Judeans free, returned to JerusalemThey set the Judeans free, returned to Jerusalem They rebuilt JerusalemThey rebuilt Jerusalem Israelites were no where to be foundIsraelites were no where to be found

Judah Romans came and conquered JudahRomans came and conquered Judah Judah became JudaeaJudah became Judaea AD 70 – Romans destroyed the TempleAD 70 – Romans destroyed the Temple AD 130 – Judaeans kicked out of JerusalemAD 130 – Judaeans kicked out of Jerusalem Jerusalem became Roman Province of PalestineJerusalem became Roman Province of Palestine

Movement Through the World After Babylonian exile, Jews settled throughout the world – DiasporaAfter Babylonian exile, Jews settled throughout the world – Diaspora Diaspora - spreading of seedsDiaspora - spreading of seeds Realized they did not need the Temple in Jerusalem to worship GodRealized they did not need the Temple in Jerusalem to worship God Synagogues all over the worldSynagogues all over the world