Net 221D:Computer Networks Fundamentals

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Presentation transcript:

Net 221D:Computer Networks Fundamentals Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking Lecture : Application Layer

Introduction Protocol Layer PDU HTTP, FTP Application layer message TCP, UDP Transport layer segment ICMP, IP Network layer datagram PPP, Ethernet, Data link layer frame IEEE 802.11 Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking

Application Layer Processes communicating across networks Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking

HTTP: Hyper Transfer Protocol What is HTTP? Hypertext Transfer Protocol – the Web’s application layer protocol HTTP 1.0, HTTP 1.1 Pipelined – requests sent as soon as it is encountered Persistent – multiple objects can be sent over a single TCP connection between the server and the client Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking

DNS :Domain Name Server Internet hosts: IP address (32 bit) - used for addressing datagrams “name”, e.g., ww.yahoo.com - used by humans DNS: provides translation between host name and IP address distributed database implemented in hierarchy of many name servers Distributed for scalability & reliability Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking

DNS :Domain Name Server Hostname to IP address translation Host aliasing Canonical and alias names Mail server aliasing Load distribution Replicated Web servers: set of IP addresses for one canonical name Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking

DNS Host at cis.poly.edu wants IP address for gaia.cs.umass.edu Infrastructure: Client resolver Local DNS server Authoritative DNS Server Root DNS Server Top-Level Domain DNS Server Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking

Electronic Mail Three major components: user agents mail servers e.g., Eudora, Outlook, Netscape Messenger mail servers Incoming, outgoing messages Push protocol –SMTP Pull protocol – HTTP, IMAP, POP3 Behrouz A. Forouzan” Data communications and Networking