Tuesday December 7, 2010 (Review for Test 5)

The Launch Pad Tuesday, 12/7/10 No Launch Pad Today.

Announcements We will have a test tomorrow. You now have the option of giving me your electronic projects by using my flash drive... just ask for it. All project filenames should be in the following format: Project name (volcano, earthquake, or mountain) Period # Last name, First name Example: earthquakeP5smithjohn.ppt

Assignment Currently Open Pages Date of Notes on Website Date IssuedDate Due Five Multiple Choice Questions on Plate Tectonics 11/1111/12 Project – Decade Volcanoes 11/1511/19 Project – Killer Earthquakes 11/1712/1 Project – Greatest Mountains 11/1912/3 Project – Fossils12/212/9

Tectonic Plate Movement Introduction to Geology Relative Dating Unconformities Fossils

1 Name two processes that contribute to the creation of the driving force behind the movement of tectonic plates. the Earth’s heat sea floor spreading at mid-oceanic ridges

2 What energy source is thought to drive the lateral motions of Earth's lithospheric plates? export of heat from deep in the mantle to the top of the asthenosphere

3 List three pieces of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics. ocean floor drilling hot spots paleomagnetism

4 Cooler, older oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle at ________. subduction zones along convergent plate boundaries

5 When Earth’s plates move, they cause a deformation in the Earth’s crust. When deformation occurs at a point on Earth’s surface, the point’s position changes. This position change can be measured using high-precision _______________________. GPS instruments

6 Name two major divergent plate boundary zones. sea-floor spreading at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge sea-floor spreading at the Eastern Pacific Ridge

7 Several models for plate movement have been proposed. The picture below illustrates which model? the Slab - Pull & Ridge - Push Model

8 The drawing at right is a guess as to the positions of the continents: 250 million years in the future

9 Catastrophists believed that Earth’s landscapes had been developed primarily by great catastrophes. James Ussher, in the mid-1600s, concluded that the Earth was created about: years ago

10 James Hutton’s Theory of the Earth put forth a fundamental principle of geology called “uniformitarianism.” This principle states that: the physical, chemical, and biological laws that operate today have also operated in the geologic past.

11 Relative dating means placing rocks in their proper sequence of formation. This technique: tells us only that events took place one after the other.

12 In the picture to the right, the column that is labeled “Younger” and “Older” describes: relative dating.

13 According to the Law of Superposition, put the layers in the correct order from oldest to youngest. Supai Group Hermit Shale Coconino Sandstone Toroweap Formation Kaibab Limestone

14 The Law of Superposition states that: in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each bed is older than the one above it and younger than the one below.

15 If you apply the Principle of Original Horizontality to this picture of the Grand Canyon, what statement could you make that would be correct? The layers of rock have not been deformed since they were deposited.

16 The rock layers is this picture are folded at a steep angle, therefore: they must have been moved into that position by crustal disturbances sometime after their deposition.

17 We know that Dike A is younger than any of the rock layers because of: the Principle of Cross - Cutting Relationships

18 The small inclusions in the intrusive igneous rock layer prove that: the intrusive igneous rock layer is younger than the layer above it in Picture A.

19 An unconformity represents a long period during which deposition ceased, erosion removed previously formed rocks, and then deposition resumed. In other words, it’s a break in the rock record. Which of the following is not an example of an unconformity? [Know the three types of unconformities]

20 The unconformity in this picture can be classified as: a disconformity.

21 The unconformity in this picture can be classified as: a nonconformity

22, 23, 24 The point labeled A represents a(n): nonconformity The point labeled B represents a(n): angular unconformity The point labeled C represents a(n): disconformity

25 List all features in this picture in order from oldest to youngest. A BCEG FDIJHK

26 This picture best illustrates a(n): disconformity

27 Fossils are important inclusions in sediment and sedimentary rocks. Fossils can be defined as: the remains or traces of prehistoric life.

28 The study of fossils is called _______________. paleontology

29 The fossils in the picture could best be described as: unmodified fossils

30 Which of the following fossils would yield the greatest amount of information about the ancient organism?

31 The fossil in this picture is most likely: petrified

32 This picture shows a single fossil that has been: cast in a mold

33 These three fossils are all considered to be: impression fossilsimpression fossils

34 List four example of indirect fossil evidence.tracksburrowscoprolitesgastroliths

35 What’s does this picture show? a coprolite

36 List these fossils in order from oldest to youngest

37 What two things were most useful in creating the Geologic Time Scale? rock layers fossils