UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Dr. Robert Erlandson The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins Road Laurel, MD November 2003

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Mission Concept MDA Mission Area: Boost Phase – Early Launch Detection Objective: To demonstrate the operation of the FAC sensor in the space environment and to characterize the background and false alarm rates in the ultra-narrow FAC sensor band.operation of the FAC sensor Description: FAC ultra-narrow band visible sensor will be placed in a Shuttle Hitchhiker Jr. platform and will collect earth background data and cooperative static plume tests.Shuttle Hitchhiker Jr. platform Payload/Sensor: Shuttle Hitchhiker Junior Platform Ultra-Narrow Band FAC Cameras (2), Color Camera

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Justification Military Relevance –MDA: Early Launch Detection - Enabling Technology for Boost Phase Intercept –Navy: Enables Time Critical Strike Future Naval Capability (FNC) –Army: Supports Battlefield Ordinance Awareness ACTD, US Army Space and Missile Command. FAC detects battlefield events (muzzle flash, ordinance, SAMs) –Air Force: Integrated Focused Surveillance Missile Defense Precision Strike. –Advocate operational requirements and priorities, emphasizing sensors that work day and night in all environments. (SPJ5) Need for Spaceflight –Demonstrate operation of FAC system …filter at the system level in space environment. –Characterize in-band Earth background in FAC ultra-narrow band order to determine system performance. –Risk-reduction prior to placement of sensor on GPS satellite or other space assets. Comparison to Alternatives –Short wavelength infrared (SWIR) SWIR has limited detection capabilities through clouds. Increased clutter when operating in see-to-ground bands. SWIR has limited focal plane array size relative to visible CCD technology

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Detailed Overview Flight Data: –Shuttle Hitchhiker Jr. Payload (any Shuttle Orbit is acceptable) –1 flight required (3 day duration) to meet objectives –0.2 3 (Hitchhiker can), 91 kg, nominal 100 W Status: –18 Month Payload Development (Program Start to Launch Date) - ScheduleSchedule –Flight Ready 4Q FY05 Priority: –3 of 3 (MDA) –6 of 45 (SERB 2002) Requested STP Services Launch Services Launch Integration Spacecraft Development Operations Spacecraft/Experiment Integration Data Distribution Experiment Funding: –Total Cost: $5.6M –No out of budget requests/requirements Does not include funds associated with STP services –Experiment Un-funded PriorFY04FY05FY06 Req’t$0.0M$4.0M$1.1M$0.4M Actual$0.0M

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Summary of Data Application The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and MDA will utilize the data from this experiment to develop an Early Launch Detection Capability in Support of Boost Phase Intercept Systems. This data will ultimately enable the detection of ballistic missile launch events through clouds and the dissemination of this information in near real-time to Boost Phase Intercept systems. The data analysis will be complete 12 months after the experiment is launched Applicable category of this research is Applied Research

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Flight Mode Suitability Flight Mode% Experiment Objectives Satisfied Shuttle 100% Note: Hitchhiker Junior100% International Space Station100% Comments: Long Duration Experiment Not Needed. Prefer Shorter Time-to-Flight. Free-Flyer0% Comments: Sensor Could be reconfigured to piggyback on existing satellite or as a micro-sat How important is it to retrieve your flight hardware for analysis or reflight? Can you place a dollar value on this? What is it? Very Important. Modified hardware can be re-flown in Hitchhiker Jr. payload to support follow-on mission with expanded objectives. (Value: $4M, Non-Recurring Engineering)

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration BACKUP Charts

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Schedule

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Payload Schematic FAC Filters and Optics Exposed to Space Environment. Visible Cameras and Data Storage in Pressurized Canister

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Mission Planning Mission Planning Conducted for Over-flights of Edwards AFB Sensor FOV = 20 Degrees

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Shuttle Observation Time Report Total Time from Horizon to Horizon 02 Jul :35:10 Satellite-Space_Shuttle-Sensor-fixed-To-Facility-Edwards_AFB_USA_LC: Access Summary Report fixed-To-Edwards_AFB_USA_LC Access Start Time (UTCG) Stop Time (UTCG) Duration (sec) Jul :18: Jul :20: Jul :39: Jul :47: Jul :13: Jul :19: Jul :54: Jul :01: Jul :26: Jul :34: Global Statistics Min Duration 1 1 Jul :18: Jul :20: Max Duration 2 1 Jul :39: Jul :47: Mean Duration Total Duration

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Image of a Black Brant XII (First Stage) Poker Flat, Alaska Shuttle Observation Range Report Shuttle Range Time Report 02 Jul :22:49 Satellite-Space_Shuttle-Sensor-fixed Access #3 Time (UTCG) fixed - Range (km) Jul :13: Jul :13: Jul :14: Jul :14: Jul :14: Jul :15: Jul :15: Jul :15: Jul :16: Jul :16: Jul :16: Jul :17: Jul :17: Jul :17: Jul :18: Jul :18: Jul :18: Jul :19: Jul :19: Jul :19: Shuttle Range Time Report 02 Jul :22:49 Satellite-Space_Shuttle-Sensor-fixed Access #4 Time (UTCG) fixed - Range (km) Jul :54: Jul :55: Jul :55: Jul :55: Jul :56: Jul :56: Jul :56: Jul :57: Jul :57: Jul :57: Jul :58: Jul :58: Jul :58: Jul :59: Jul :59: Jul :59: Jul :00: Jul :00: Jul :00: Jul :01:

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Access Time (UTCG) Along Track (deg) Cross Track (deg) Jul :39: Jul :40: Jul :41: Jul :42: Jul :43: Jul :44: Jul :45: Jul :46: Jul :47: Shuttle-Edwards Access #2 Angles :53.540:13.040:33.040:53.041:13.041:33.041:53.042:13.042:33.042:53.043:13.043:33.043:53.044:13.044:33.044:53.045:13.045:33.045:53.046:13.046:33.046:53.047:13.047:33.0 Time (UTC) Degrees Along Track (deg) Cross Track (deg) Shuttle Observation Angle Report

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration FAC Shuttle Sensor Pixel Size

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Image of a Black Brant XII (First Stage) Poker Flat, Alaska Shuttle Observation Visualization

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration FAC Test Data

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration Atlas 2a Movie

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration FAC Airborne Sensor 300 km 50 km Range to Target km Elevation Angle (Plane to Ground) 10-15° Pixel Footprint (m) 3m Array Footprint (km)1 x 1 km Demo Field of View FAC Sensors: Ultra-Narrow Band Camera A (FAC Band A) Ultra-Narrow Band Camera B (FAC Band B) Ultra-Narrow Band Camera Specs: Phase B Frame Rate: Hz Array: 512x512 FOV: 2.5°

UNCLASSIFIED BMDO-0101 First Alert & Cueing Space Sensor Demonstration FAC Mission Summary: –Observed Launch Through Clouds / Red Dog 1 (31 May 2003, 0535 LT) –Observed 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd Stages (Red Dog 1 & 2) –Spectra Record Using Airborne and Ground Sensors Ignition Observations FAC Band A (t=0s) FAC Band B (t=0s) High Speed Imager Broadband Visible FAC Launch Detection Through Clouds Pre-Launch Clouds (t=-0.1 s) Launch Site Launch Site (Black Brant XI) HALO-1 50 km 13.3 km HALO-1 Pointing Direction FAC Airborne Testing: Red Dog Mission Highlights