Summary of ARCTAS P-3 Data Flight #21 Flown 7 Jul 2008 Phil Russell, NASA Ames with contributions from many, many experimenters, modelers, forecasters,

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Presentation transcript:

Summary of ARCTAS P-3 Data Flight #21 Flown 7 Jul 2008 Phil Russell, NASA Ames with contributions from many, many experimenters, modelers, forecasters, & P-3 air & flight crews Postbrief/Science Meeting 3:00 Tue 8 Jul 2008

AOD, 0Z,7/8 STEM Model prediction (U Iowa): July 7 P3 Flight

GEOS5 Forecast: July 7 P3 Flight Lots of aerosols in the Siberian fire/Asian anthro. Plume, including sulfate, dust, OC, & BC.

GEOS5 Forecast: July 7 P3 Flight No significant California fire or N. American pollution. A strong Siberia fire/Asian anthropogenic plume between 7-10 km. Weak Siberia fire/Asian anthropogenic plumes between 1-6 km.

P-3 in ARCTAS: Payload Ames Airborne Tracking Sunphotometer (AATS-14) Solar Spectral Flux Radiometer (SSFR) Broad-Band Radiometers (BBR) LW SW HiGEAR Aerosols & O 3  OPC & DMA dry size dist, volatility  Tandem Volatility DMA  Neph scat + PSAP abs  Humidified Neph f(RH)  Ultrafine & CN  Time of Flight Mass Spec size resolved chemistry  SP2 black carbon mass AERO3XCloud Absorption Radiometer (CAR) P-3 Data System (PDS): Nav, Flight, Met (P, T, RH, …) REVEAL & RTMM  AOD  Ext  H 2 O vapor  Cavity Ringdown ext (2 )  Reciprocal Neph sca (2, RH )  Radiance, BRDF  Flux ↑, ↓ ( ), albedo( )  Flux ↑, ↓, albedo  Nenes CCN  PVM cloud drop r eff, vol  TECO O 3 COBALT: CO

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Plan A Mon 7 Jul Goals: 1.Asian-Siberian plume above low cloud in A-Train footprints (in situ aer, CO, O 3, rad gradient & stack, CAR cloud BRDF, CALIPSO val, aer effects on MODIS PM cloud retrievals) 2.Ice Field BRDF 3.Clear-sky work at WP 6 as fallback.

P3 Plan B Mon 7 Jul Goals: 1.Asian-Siberian plume above Saturn Island AERONET (in situ aer, CO, O 3 -AATS spiral, rad gradient & stack, CAR- AERONET) 2.Ice Field BRDF 3.Clear-sky work at WP 6 as fallback. AOD = 0.49 on 6 Jul

AOD, 0Z,7/8

GEOS5 Forecast: July 7 P3 Flight - Clouds Some middle and high clouds near Cold Lake. Close to Vancouver and Victoria island, some low clouds but no middle/high clouds.

AOD, 0Z,7/8

P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 1.Aerosol radiative forcing efficiency (  F/  AOT) under edge of advancing Asian/Siberian plume 2.Aerosol effects on MODIS-Terra cloud remote sensing 3.Tests of model aerosol, CO, & O 3 many locations 4.Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5.CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6.3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral

12/20/2015 7:24:07 PM12/20/2015 7:24:07 PM12/20/2015 7:24:07 PM J. Redemann, P. Pilewskie, P. Russell. NASA Ames & U. Colorado 12 Climate Change Science in INTEX-A/ICARTT Measurements of Aerosol Effects on the Solar Energy that Drives Climate Solar energy [W m -2 ] Aerosol Amount, AOD(499 nm) Jetstream 31 (J31) Forcing Efficiency [W m -2 ] Case Slope = Aerosol Radiative Forcing Efficiency Case 2, 21 Jul 2004 Scientific Conclusions 1.The gradients (spatial variations) in AOD that occur frequently off the US East coast provide a natural laboratory for studying effects of aerosol particles on solar energy, and hence on climate. 2.For the average aerosol optical depth of ~0.5 in the 10 cases shown above, aerosols on average reduced the incident visible radiation (near midday) by the amount of energy it would take to power one 40 W light bulb for every square meter of ocean surface (0.5 x -80 W m -2 = -40 W m -2 ; see right frame above). Redemann et al., JGR, 2006 Boreal Forest Fire Smoke Early in INTEX-A

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 1.Aerosol radiative forcing efficiency (  F/  AOT) under edge of advancing Asian/Siberian plume 2.Aerosol effects on MODIS- Terra cloud remote sensing 3.Tests of model aerosol, CO, & O 3 many locations 4.Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5.CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6.3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral

S. Howell et al., HiGEAR PRELIMINARY

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 5 6

Downwelling Flux: F  Upwelling Flux: F  Net Flux: F  - F  Flux Divergence (absorption): (F  - F  ) 2000m - (F  - F  ) 43m Fractional absorption: [(F  - F  ) 2000m - (F  - F  ) 43m ]/ F  2000m 2000 m 43 m Background on Radiative Flux Divergence & Closure, Absorption Spectra, etc. P. Russell, DOE-ASP Meeting, Annapolis, MD, 27 Feb 2008

P. Russell, Earth Science Seminar, NASA Ames, 19 July 2007 Aerosol Absorption Optical Depth (AAOD) Spectra from 5 Experiments Wavelength, nm Absorption Optical Depth Bergstrom et al., ACP, 2007 AAOD = K -AAE AbsorptionAngstrom Exponent (AAE) AAE = For Black Carbon, AAE = 1

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 5 6

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 5 6

The first half of the flight encountered a well-mixed local pollution layer up to ~2 km GPS altitude and a long-range transport air mass above, both homogenous over >200 km. Julian Day UTC 220 km PRELIMINARY DATA from AATS & HiGEAR groups

AOD at 550 nm between 500 – 6250 m GPS alt : PRELIMINARY DATA from HiGEAR group Clarke, McNaughton, Howell, Freitag et al.

Missing layers at the top and bottom estimated by extrapolation, as illustrated in subsequent slides. PRELIMINARY Data from AATS, AERONET, & HiGEAR groups: Redemann, Shinozuka, Livingston, Ramachandran et al. McArthur et al. Clarke, McNaughton, Howell, Freitag et al. Analysis by Yohei Shinozuka

RH, 0Z,7/8 at 5.5 km RH, 0Z,7/8 at 1.5 km RH, 0Z,7/8 at 8.5 km

Siberia biomass burning plume between 1-6 km + weak Asian anthropogenic pollution. GEOS5 Forecast _06Z: July 7 P3 Flight

AOD, 0Z,7/8

P3 For July 7, 2007 Anthro lower

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 5 6

AOD, 0Z,7/8 P3 Actual Mon 7 Jul Accomplishments: 4. Radiant flux divergence stacks for SSA( 2 locations 5. CAR circles over AERONET for CAR-AERONET retrievals 6. 3-way closure (in situ, AATS, AERONET) in spiral 4 5 6