2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 5.1 Classifying Rocks p Igneous Rocks p Sedimentary Rocks p Rocks Form Reefs p Metamorphic Rocks p

When all the grains in a rock are large and easy to see, the rock is described as

coarse grained.

Rock that forms from the cooling of magma below the surface or lava at the surface is called

igneous rock.

Where does most metamorphic rock form?

deep underground

To describe a rock’s texture, geologists determine the_____, shape, and pattern of the rock’s grains.

size

Generally, a rock is made up of a ______of minerals and other materials.

mixture

Particles of minerals called ____give a rock its texture.

grains

Igneous rock that cools very quickly when it forms may have a texture that is

smooth and shiny with no visible grain.

Igneous rock that formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface is called ____.

extrusive rock.

The most abundant intrusive rock in the continental crust is

granite.

Igneous rocks that formed beneath Earth’s surface are ____ rocks.

intrusive

The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it is_________________.

deposition.

A sedimentary rock made up of rock fragments with rounded edges is called _________.

conglomerate.

The sedimentary rock formed when water deposits tiny particles of clay in very thin, flat layers is called ____.

Shale

Chalk formed from sediments made of skeletons of microscopic living things in the ocean must be a(n)____.

Organic sedimentary rock.

The sedimentary rock breccia is made up of rock fragments with _____ edges?.

sharp

What forms the structure called a coral reef?

skeletons of coral animals

In volcanic areas, groundwater heated by magma is a source of ____

geothermal energy.

Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash are called _____

composite volcanoes.

What happens to a coral reef if the sea level rises or if the sea floor sinks?

It continues to grow upward.

Over time, coral buried by sediments can turn into _______ (a sedimentary rock).

Limestone

Heat and pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface can change any rock into ________.

metamorphic rock.

The heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock comes from ___.

the mantle.

Geologists classify metamorphic rock according to the arrangement of the ____ that make up the rock.

grains

The texture of a metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel layers is described as_______.

foliated.

Metamorphic rocks that are nonfoliated _____________.

do not split into layers.