LANDFORM REGIONS

Why did geographers create ‘landform regions’ To understand the geography of Canada better it helps to make it into smaller chunks

How is Canada’s basic structure like a tree? Canada started with the Canadian Shield and then grew outwards from there

The Canadian Shield This region covers almost half of Canada.

What provinces have a part of the Canadian Shield within them? Newfoundland, Quebec, Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan, NWT, Nunavut

Why does the Canadian Shield have igneous rock? It was formed by massive volcanic eruptions.

Why is does the Canadian Shield have thousands of lakes and rivers? Glaciers scooped out huge basins, which filled with water when the glaciers melted

What are the important resources found in the Canadian Shield? Mining, Hydroelectric, Forestry

Where does the majority of the population of the Canadian Shield live? Most people live in the southern part around Thunder Bay, Sudbury and Saguenay

The Great Lakes –St Lawrence Lowlands Half of this landform region is in Quebec and the other half is in Ontario.

What type of rock can be found in this region? Sedimentary rock

What role did the Canadian Shield have in the formation of the GL-SLL? As the Canadian Shield eroded, it left sedimentary rock at the bottom of ancient seas, this hardened into Sedimentary Rock and formed the GL SLL

Why does the area have so many lakes? Huge glaciers scraped out basins, which filled with water as the glaciers melted. These basins became the Great Lakes

What is an ESCARPMENT? A sharp change in height caused by rapid erosion of sedimentary rock

What type of rock is the Niagara Escarpment made mostly from? Limestone

What types of industries can be found here? Manufacturing (automobiles) Agriculture – animals, fruit, vegetables, grains

The Appalachians

How old is this region? 250 million years

How was this region formed? Plate movements forced sedimentary rock to fold upwards (FOLD MOUNTAINS)

How much of Canada’s population lives in this region? Two-thirds

What was the effect of erosion and rising oceans on the area? This region has a jagged coastline with many natural harbors

Who were the first inhabitants of the regions? Indigenous People including the Mi’kmaq and Beothuk

About how much of Canada’s population lives here? 1/10 One tenth

What is one of the best known crops from this region? POTATOES

The Interior Plains

What provinces can be found here? BC, ALBERTA, NWT, SASKATCHEWAN, MANITOBA

What does the Interior Plains look like from the sky? Why? Long and flat No mountains or forests

How old is the region? What type of rock can be found here? 200 million years old Sedementary Rock

How was the regions oil and gas made? Fossilized sea life was chemically changed into oil and gas

Why is the regions well suited for farming? The ice ages left thick layers of fertile soil over the region

Why does the area look like a patchwork quilt from above? Government surveyors divided the land into farms, this was the most organized way.

What are the two largest cities in the region? Edmonton and Calgary

The Western Cordillera

What provinces can be found here? Yukon NWT Alberta British Columbia

What are the three main regions here, how were they formed, and what is their age?   Rocky Mountains Oldest Coast Range 65 Million years later Interior Plateau Youngest part of the region

What natural resources could be found in this area? Coal Minerals Farming Forestry

About how much of Canada’s population can be found here? ONE EIGHTH

Innuitians and Arctic

Why does the textbook describe the Innuitians as “like a car that has had many accidents”? Many fold mountains formed by sedimentary rock being pushed by tectonic plates

The Innuitians are younger than the Appalachians, but older than the Rockies.

Where can the Innuitians be found? Far north!

What Natural Resources can be found here? Oil and gas

How have the Innuitians changed over time? Millions of years ago the Innuitians were covered by warm tropical seas!

What is the Northwest Passage? A sailing route across the ocean North of Canada

What name do we give the native people of the area? The Inuit

The Arctic is made up of many islands formed from what type of rock? Sedimentary Rock

What does the geography of the Arctic look like? Many lslands Very stony Barren, very little vegetation Frozen!

In what territory would you find the Artic? Nunavut