Mr. Leach 7 th Grade Science

What is the kinetic theory of matter? The word kinetic means “motion or movement”. The word kinetic means “motion or movement”. This states that atoms and molecules that make up matter are constantly moving and vibrating in motion. This states that atoms and molecules that make up matter are constantly moving and vibrating in motion.

States of Matter States of Matter Solid Solid Liquid Liquid Gas Gas Plasma Plasma When one form of matter is changed in to another form, it is called a phase change.

Solid- How are the molecules arranged and move? They are arranged in a fixed position. They do not change positions. They are arranged in a fixed position. They do not change positions. Geometric pattern called crystals. Geometric pattern called crystals. Vibrate back and forth and don’t change position. Vibrate back and forth and don’t change position.

Solids- Do they have a definite shape or volume? Solids have both a definite shape and volume. Solids have both a definite shape and volume. You can find the volume of the solid and see its shape. You can find the volume of the solid and see its shape.

Liquids- How are the molecules arranged? How do they move? Close together Close together Free to change position Free to change position Vibrate over and around each other Vibrate over and around each other The molecules have more energy (heat) than a solid. The molecules have more energy (heat) than a solid.

Liquid- Do they have a definite shape or volume? They have no definite shape. They take the shape of the container they are placed in. They have no definite shape. They take the shape of the container they are placed in. They do have a definite volume. You can find the volume of a liquid. They do have a definite volume. You can find the volume of a liquid.

Gas- How do the molecules move and how are they arranged? Very little attractive force. Very little attractive force. They can move freely and independently. They can move freely and independently. They want to separate from each other. They want to separate from each other. The particles have even more energy than that of a liquid and solid. The particles have even more energy than that of a liquid and solid.

Gases- Do they have a definite shape or volume? No definite shape No definite shape No definite volume No definite volume Therefore, they will fill the container regardless of the shape and size. Therefore, they will fill the container regardless of the shape and size. This is because they have very little attractive force towards each other. This is because they have very little attractive force towards each other.

What is plasma? Gas-like mixture of positively and negatively charged particles that exist at extremely high temperatures. Gas-like mixture of positively and negatively charged particles that exist at extremely high temperatures. Example: lightning bolt Example: lightning bolt

SOLIDLIQUIDGAS PHASE CHANGES MELTING EVAPORATION FREEZINGCONDENSATION ENERGY GAIN SUBLIMATION ENERGY LOSS

Phase changes happen when… Thermal Energy (heat) is added or taken away. Thermal Energy (heat) is added or taken away.or When pressure is increased or decreased. When pressure is increased or decreased.

Pressure Increasing pressure forces atoms or molecules closer together. Increasing pressure forces atoms or molecules closer together. Decreasing pressure allows atoms or molecules to separate. Decreasing pressure allows atoms or molecules to separate.

Thermal Energy Adding thermal energy causes atoms to move faster, creating more separation. Adding thermal energy causes atoms to move faster, creating more separation. Removing thermal energy (cooling) causes atoms to move slower and come closer together. Removing thermal energy (cooling) causes atoms to move slower and come closer together.