DAILY QUESTION September 22, Name the four states of matter. 2.Which state of matter is the most common in the universe?

Agenda9/22/08 Daily Question Hand back Papers Chapter 3 Section 1 Notes Assignments: 1. Ch 3 Section 1 Review Wksht due 9/23

Kinetic Theory page 70 All matter is made of particles (atoms and molecules) The particles are always in motion (↑ temp. = ↑ speed) At the same temp., smaller = faster

States of Matter page SolidLiquidGasPlasma Definite shape Shape changes Definite volume Volume changes Most common in Universe Broken particles

Energy page 73 Capacity to do work Kinetic energy = energy of motion Thermal energy = total kinetic energy of the particles ↑speed = ↑KE =↑thermal energy

Temperature page 74 Measure of the average KE of the particles of an object

Changes of State page Physical change Energy of objects change Transfer of energy is known as heat

Changes that require energy (Endothermic changes) page 75 Evaporation –Liquid to gas –Usually occurs at the boiling point Examples: water boiling, sweat on skin Sublimation –Solid to gas Examples: ice left in freezer, dry ice (solid CO 2 )

Changes that release energy (Exothermic changes) page 76 Condensation –Gas to liquid –Condensation point = temp at which gas becomes a liquid Examples: water droplets on side of glass Freezing –Liquid to solid –Freezing point = temp at which liquid becomes a solid Examples: water as ice

Temp Change Vs. State Change page 76 A temperature of a substance does not change during a change of state… –Example: If you add heat to ice at 0°C, the temperature will not rise until all the ice has melted.

Conservation of Mass and Energy page 77 Mass cannot be created or destroyed Reactants = Products –Example: Burning a match in closed system (Match + Oxygen = ash + smoke + gases) Energy cannot be created or destroyed Reactants = Products –Example: Moving Car (Gasoline = Energy to move car + Heat)