Transmission Media CORPORATE INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, BHOPAL DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGG. By- Vineeta Shakya

Transmission medium and physical layer

Classes of transmission media

Guided transmission media Twisted-Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable

Twisted-pair cable

UTP and STP cables

Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cables

UTP connector

UTP performance

Coaxial cable

Categories of coaxial cables

BNC connectors

Coaxial cable performance

Fiber optics: Bending of light ray

Optical fiber

Propagation modes

Modes

Fiber types

7.19 Fiber construction

Fiber-optic cable connectors

Optical fiber performance

Wireless communication (Unguided Media) In wireless communication channel is nothing but the free space. the process of signal travel from transmitter to receiver can be divided in two parts: Radiation of the signal Propagation

Electromagnetic Waves Electric and magnetic Field Speed of propagation Fundamental of Electromagnetic (EM) Wave

Electromagnetic (EM) Wave

The polarization of a plane EM Wave is simply the orientation of the electric field vector with respect to the earth surface Electromagnetic Polarization

Linear Polarization a. Horizontal Polarization b. Vertical Polarization Circular Polarization Elliptical Polarization Electromagnetic Polarization

Horizontal Polarization

Vertical Polarization

Circular Polarization

Elliptical Polarization

As the EM Waves are invisible we have to analyze them with the help of indirect methods. This concept of rays and wavefront help as in analyzing EM Waves. Concept Of Rays And Wavefronts

Spherical Wavefronts

Inverse Square Law

Wave Attenuation and Absorption

Propagation methods

Electromagnetic spectrum for wireless communication

Band s

RADIO WAVES MICRO WAVES INFRARED Un-Guided Media (Wireless)

Wireless transmission waves

Radio Waves

Omni directional antenna

Micro waves

Unidirectional antennas

Infrared signal