Electron Configuration Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms.

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Electron Configuration Electrons in Atoms Adapted from Christy Johannesen

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Presentation transcript:

Electron Configuration Ch. 4 - Electrons in Atoms

A. Electron Configuration zElectron configuration specify the “address” of each electron UPPER LEVEL

A. Electron Configuration zComprised of 3 components: Shell, Subshell, and Orbital zShell: Also known as the energy level (row of the periodic table) zSubshell: s, p, d, f zOrbital: Each orbital can accomadate 2 electrons

A. Electron Configuration zS subshell has only 1 orbital and can hold only 2 electrons zP subshell has only 3 orbitals and can hold 6 electrons zD subshell has 5 orbitals and can hold 10 electrons zF subshell has 7 orbitals and can hold 14 electrons

© 1998 by Harcourt Brace & Company s p d (n-1) f (n-2) B. Periodic Patterns

s-block1st Period 1s 1 1st column of s-block C. Periodic Patterns zExample - Hydrogen

zShorthand Configuration S 16e - Valence Electrons Core Electrons S16e - [Ne] 3s 2 3p 4 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 4 C. Notation zLonghand Configuration

C. Periodic Patterns zShorthand Configuration yCore e - : Go up one row and over to the Noble Gas. yValence e - : On the next row, fill in the # of e - in each sublevel.

[Ar]4s 2 3d 10 4p 2 C. Periodic Patterns zExample - Germanium

zFull energy level zFull sublevel (s, p, d, f) zHalf-full sublevel D. Stability

zElectron Configuration Exceptions yCopper EXPECT :[Ar] 4s 2 3d 9 ACTUALLY :[Ar] 4s 1 3d 10 yCopper gains stability with a full d-sublevel. D. Stability

zElectron Configuration Exceptions yChromium EXPECT :[Ar] 4s 2 3d 4 ACTUALLY :[Ar] 4s 1 3d 5 yChromium gains stability with a half-full d-sublevel. D. Stability

zIon Formation yAtoms gain or lose electrons to become more stable. yIsoelectronic with the Noble Gases.

O 2- 10e - [He] 2s 2 2p 6 D. Stability zIon Electron Configuration yWrite the e - config for the closest Noble Gas yEX: Oxygen ion  O 2-  Ne