Environmental Changes

Environmental Changes Changes in environmental conditions can affect the survival of individual organisms and entire species.

What causes environmental change? Natural Processes Human Activities

Natural Processes

Human Activities

Short-term Changes Change that occurs quickly and affects individuals immediately. Weather: (What happens to plants/animals?) Heavy rain/strong winds Floods and blizzards Short term changes can change the genetic makeup of population. Following a short term change, which traits are passed on to the next generation?

Long-term Changes Environmental change that occurs slowly over time and affects populations gradually. Can permanently alter an ecosystem Over time may cause some genetic variations to become more favorable or less favorable in the new environment. If adaptations to the new environment are not present or do not develop, populations can become extinct. “Adapt or Die!”

Examples of Long-Term Changes Higher Temperatures Arctic sea ice Polar bear populations Melting of permafrost Community of plant/insect populations in Tundra biome Organisms’ Behaviors Migratory birds Caribou

Flip Chart Time! Create a 2 panel flip chart that compares Natural Processes and Human Activities to long- and short-term environmental changes. Use all of the following terms and phrases in your flip chart.

Climate Change Commercial fishing Drought Hurricane Farming Burning fossil fuels Floods Logging Ice Age Volcanic eruptions Earthquakes Building dams Seasons Oil Spill Forest Fire Construction Lightning

Questions Glue LT/ST chart in journal and complete. Answer questions 1-6 on your SPM sheet.

Natural Selection Natural selection - individuals better adapted to the environment are able to survive & reproduce. A.K.A. “Survival of the fittest”

Peppered Moth Example http://peppermoths.weebly.com/

Evolution in the Galapagos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n3265bno2X0 Start video at 5:45

Write the following and answer in your journal. Name 2 long- or short-term environmental changes that might affect the finches and traits in subsequent populations. How do these environmental changes affect the finches and traits in subsequent populations?

Selective Breeding Selective Breeding - is the process of breeding plants and animals for particular genetic traits. Which of the following examples best reflects selective breeding? A. The mating of two particular sheep to produce thicker wool B. A genetic mutation in an individual snake that improves its sense of smell compared to others in its population C. A few individuals of an extinct species live in zoos D. Two wolf packs live in geographically separate regions

Primary Succession Begins in a place without any soil Sides of volcanoes Soil starts to form as lichens and the forces of weather and erosion help break down rocks into smaller pieces Called PIONEER SPECIES

Primary Succession

Secondary Succession Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms Occurs faster and has different pioneer species than primary succession Example: after forest fires

Secondary Succession

Based on the observation data and key below, what is the correct identification for the three arachnids?