The Enlightenment and The Great Awakening UNIT 2

Core American Values Equal Opportunity Achievement and Success Material Comfort Activity and Work Practicality and Efficiency Progress Science Democracy and Enterprise Freedom

Famous quotes “I disapprove of what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it” (Voltaire) “Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains” (Rousseau) “The mind is a blank slate” (Locke) “The individual who persecutes another because he is not of the same opinion is nothing less than a monster” (Voltaire) “I think, therefore I am” (Descartes) *match American core values with these quotes

“The Age of Reason” Epistemology Science, religion, politics Newton’s Principle of Mathematics (1687)-French Revolution (1789) John Locke and Sir Isaac Newton

Enlightenment in the colonies John Winthrop Benjamin Franklin Colleges and the Enlightenment

The Great Awakening Church attendance and population “The revival” Supporters vs. opponents Pietism Jonathon Edwards “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” George Whitefield Benjamin Franklin and Whitefield

“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” 1. Describe the language of Edward’s sermon. What general techniques does he utilize to convey his message? 2. According to Edwards, what punishment awaits for the sinner? 3. What can sinners to protect themselves for God’s anger? 4. What metaphors does Edwards employ to evoke the anger of God? What metaphors does he use to show the helplessness of the sinner? 5. Can the sinner expect God’s mercy? Why or why not?

Regional conflicts NORTH Old Light vs. New Light Separatist churches Founding of colleges The true intellectual legacy of the Awakening was not education for the few but a new sense of religious and ultimately political authority among the many SOUTH Challenge to the Church of England Virginia gentry Taxes Baptist threat and slaves

The Enlightenment and the GA The flourishing beliefs of the Enlightenment encourages discussion on abstractions such as liberty and equality. Even though the Great Awakening contributed to a splintering of American Protestantism, as supporters of the revivalists known as New Lights and their opponents, known as Old Lights, established separate congregations, it also sent a powerful spiritual message: that God works directly through the people, rather than through churches or other public institutions. It instilled in congregations the desire to exercise their religious liberty in the establishment of their own churches. These new churches sometimes allowed more equality and power to ordinary members, thus advancing the idea of the right to liberty in America.

Discussion Questions Who did the Great Awakening appeal to and why? What were the goals and aspirations of the Great Awakeners? In what ways did it affect colonial America? *Create a chart comparing the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening. The chart should focus on characteristics and accomplishments of each movement.