FIREARMS

FIREARMS Introduction: Introduction: Many types of guns Many types of guns Used for a variety of reasons. Used for a variety of reasons. Safety Concerns Safety Concerns Always loaded Always loaded Don’t point at anything you don’t intend to destroy Don’t point at anything you don’t intend to destroy Keep finger off trigger Keep finger off trigger

FIREARMS Gun Control Issues Gun Control Issues 2 nd Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America 2 nd Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. "Firearms stand next in importance to the constitution itself. They are the American peoples liberty teeth and keystone under independence...From the hour the pilgrims landed, to the present day, events, occurrences, and tendencies prove that to ensure peace, security, and happiness, the rifle and pistol are equally indispensable...The very atmosphere of firearms everywhere restrains evil interference-they deserve a place of honor with all that is good." - George Washington "Firearms stand next in importance to the constitution itself. They are the American peoples liberty teeth and keystone under independence...From the hour the pilgrims landed, to the present day, events, occurrences, and tendencies prove that to ensure peace, security, and happiness, the rifle and pistol are equally indispensable...The very atmosphere of firearms everywhere restrains evil interference-they deserve a place of honor with all that is good." - George Washington

"The great object is that every man be armed. Everyone who is able may have a gun." - Patrick Henry

FIREARMS Gun Control Issues Gun Control Issues Stats Stats Total number of gun deaths 32, 163 (2011) Total number of gun deaths 32, 163 (2011) 19,155 homicides in the US (2011) 19,155 homicides in the US (2011) 20,625 homicides in the US (1999) 20,625 homicides in the US (1999) 60% were by firearms 60% were by firearms 13% were with knives 13% were with knives 5% by blunt objects 5% by blunt objects 3% other methods 3% other methods

FIREARMS Gun Control Gun Control 58% of all “homicides” are suicides 58% of all “homicides” are suicides Children ages 0-4yrs, there were 48 fatal gun deaths- most child abuse related (2011) Children ages 0-4yrs, there were 48 fatal gun deaths- most child abuse related (2011) Most child abuse related (39) Most child abuse related (39) 9 accidental 9 accidental 5-14 years, 195 gun deaths in US 5-14 years, 195 gun deaths in US Most homicides that occur in US involve “youth” (15 – 24 years) Most homicides that occur in US involve “youth” (15 – 24 years) 4,878 death of “youth” 4,878 death of “youth”

FIREARMS Gun Control-Right to Carry Gun Control-Right to Carry 42 states currently have right to carry laws 42 states currently have right to carry laws In right to carry states violent crime decreased 70% on average In right to carry states violent crime decreased 70% on average FBI uniform crime stats indicate that violent crimes decrease where people can carry a firearm FBI uniform crime stats indicate that violent crimes decrease where people can carry a firearm

FIREARMS What is a gun? What is a gun? A device that propels an object A device that propels an object Consists normally of a barrel to guide projectile Consists normally of a barrel to guide projectile Uses expanding gases Uses expanding gases Barrel, firing chamber, propellant, method of ignition Barrel, firing chamber, propellant, method of ignition

FIREARMS How does a gun work? How does a gun work? A projectile is loaded into the barrel A projectile is loaded into the barrel Propellant is behind projectile Propellant is behind projectile Propellant is ignited Propellant is ignited Expanding gases push projectile out end of barrel Expanding gases push projectile out end of barrel

FIREARMS Small Arms Small Arms Differentiated from Cannons and Tanks Differentiated from Cannons and Tanks Five General Categories Five General Categories Handguns Handguns Rifles Rifles Shotguns Shotguns Submachine guns Submachine guns Machine guns Machine guns

FIREARMS Handguns Handguns Single shot Single shot Derringers Derringers Revolvers Revolvers Autoloading Autoloading

FIREARMS Single shot Handguns Single shot Handguns Black Powder Black Powder Thompson contender Thompson contender Firing chamber and barrel are one piece Firing chamber and barrel are one piece Must be reloaded after every shot Must be reloaded after every shot 9l0 9l0

Flintlock Pistol

Black Powder Pistol

Black powder Set

FIREARMS Derringers Derringers Small/concealable Small/concealable At least two barrels At least two barrels After firing each barrel must be reloaded After firing each barrel must be reloaded

FIREARMS Revolvers Revolvers CBCC200B21A4 CBCC200B21A4 CBCC200B21A4 CBCC200B21A4 Nomenclature Nomenclature Frame Frame Barrel Barrel Cylinder Cylinder Trigger Assembly Trigger Assembly Front and rear sight Front and rear sight

FIREARMS Revolvers (cont.) Revolvers (cont.) Cylinder has chambers inside Cylinder has chambers inside Cylinder holds rounds Cylinder holds rounds Cylinder rotates mechanically Cylinder rotates mechanically Chamber must align with barrel to fire Chamber must align with barrel to fire Hammer drops to fire round Hammer drops to fire round Cylinder rotates mechanically to align next chamber Cylinder rotates mechanically to align next chamber

FIREARMS Revolvers (cont.) Revolvers (cont.) Cylinders may rotate clock-wise (Colt) Cylinders may rotate clock-wise (Colt) Cylinders may rotate counter clock-wise (S&W) Cylinders may rotate counter clock-wise (S&W)

FIREARMS Three main types of Revolvers Three main types of Revolvers Swing-out type Swing-out type Break top Break top Solid frame Solid frame The above types can be either single or double action The above types can be either single or double action

Swing out Revolver

Colt 1917

Break Out Revolver

Schofield

1850 Navy Cap and Ball Revolver Single Action

Pair of Colts

Colt Revolver

Pistol and Ammunition

FIREARMS Auto-loading Pistols Auto-loading Pistols Automatic pistol is misnomer Automatic pistol is misnomer Trigger must be pulled for every round fired Trigger must be pulled for every round fired Not a machine gun Not a machine gun Gun self loads rounds into a chamber Gun self loads rounds into a chamber

FIREARMS Auto-loading Pistols – Nomenclature Auto-loading Pistols – Nomenclature Frame Frame Trigger assembly Trigger assembly Magazine well Magazine well Magazine Magazine Slide Slide Barrel Barrel Recoil spring Recoil spring Safety/decock lever Safety/decock lever Extractor Extractor Ejection pin or rod Ejection pin or rod Sights Sights

Auto-Loading Pistol

FIREARMS Two main methods of operations Two main methods of operations Blow back Blow back Recoil Recoil 9CBCC200B21A4

FIREARMS Auto-loading Pistols-Operating Cycle Auto-loading Pistols-Operating Cycle Load magazine Load magazine Slide is pulled rearward and released Slide is pulled rearward and released Round is loaded into barrel Round is loaded into barrel Weapon is now cocked Weapon is now cocked Can be decocked Can be decocked Single Action/Double Action Single Action/Double Action

FIREARMS Auto-loading Pistol-Operating Cycle Auto-loading Pistol-Operating Cycle Trigger is pulled Trigger is pulled Round fires/slide moves rearward Round fires/slide moves rearward Round is ejected Round is ejected As slide moves forward new round is loaded As slide moves forward new round is loaded

FIREARMS Auto-loading Pistols-Models Auto-loading Pistols-Models Single-Action Single-Action Single/Double-Action Single/Double-Action Double-Action only Double-Action only Safeties Safeties Decock levers Decock levers Some guns have a device that shows round is chambered Some guns have a device that shows round is chambered JyM JyM JyM JyM

Double ActionSingle Action Action on pulling triggerHammer is cocked and then dropped. Weapon fires. Hammer drops. Cartridge in chamber is fired. Hammer cockedAutomatically during trigger pull all the way up to the break point when the hammer drops Manually by shooter prior to first shot in autos and prior to every shot in revolvers. Trigger pullLonger to very long. Generally much heavier than SA triggers. Glock at 5.5lb, Beretta 92 at 9.1lbs, Ruger Redhawks at about 10lbs Generally 4- 5 lbs for a carry weapon, less for a modified auto and very light in modified hunting revolvers. Very short and crisp.

FIREARMS Auto-loading Pistols-Polymer Guns Auto-loading Pistols-Polymer Guns Has a plastic frame Has a plastic frame Metal slide and barrel Metal slide and barrel Not x-ray proof Not x-ray proof Fits categories of all other auto-loading pistols Fits categories of all other auto-loading pistols

FIREARMS Rifles Rifles Has a rifled barrel Has a rifled barrel Designed to be fired from the shoulder Designed to be fired from the shoulder Can be any barrel length Can be any barrel length Federal law requires minimum of 16” Federal law requires minimum of 16”

Polygon v. Normal Rifling

FIREARMS Rifles-Types of Actions Rifles-Types of Actions Single shot Single shot Lever action Lever action Bolt action Bolt action Auto-loading/Semi-Auto Auto-loading/Semi-Auto Automatic Automatic

FIREARMS Rifles-Single shot Rifles-Single shot Muzzleloader vs. Breechloader Muzzleloader vs. Breechloader Loaded muzzleloading cannon. (1)Priming charge (2) Main propellant charge (3) Wadding (4) Projectile (5) Wadding

Breechloader Firing chamber integral with barrel Firing chamber integral with barrel Buffalo gun, Sharp’s rifle Buffalo gun, Sharp’s rifle Higher rate of fire than muzzleloader Higher rate of fire than muzzleloader

FIREARMS Rifles-lever action Rifles-lever action “Cowboy” gun “Cowboy” gun Tube magazine Tube magazine Lever cycles rounds Lever cycles rounds Multiple calibers Multiple calibers

Level Action

Lever Action

FIREARMS Rifles-Bolt Action Rifles-Bolt Action The bolt is manually operated The bolt is manually operated Some are single shot Some are single shot Usually have a magazine Usually have a magazine Pull back/Push forward bolt cycles round Pull back/Push forward bolt cycles round

Bolt Action

FIREARMS Semi-Automatic Rifles/Auto-loading Semi-Automatic Rifles/Auto-loading Uses a magazine Uses a magazine Fixed or removable Fixed or removable Cycles round with each pull of trigger Cycles round with each pull of trigger

FIREARMS Assault Rifles Assault Rifles Auto-loading Auto-loading Large capacity detachable magazine Large capacity detachable magazine Designed for full auto fire Designed for full auto fire Fires intermediate power rifle cartridge Fires intermediate power rifle cartridge

FIREARMS Assault Rifles (cont.)/Fallacies Assault Rifles (cont.)/Fallacies Ugliness = Dangerous Ugliness = Dangerous Wounds are more devastating Wounds are more devastating Most crooks use this type of weapon Most crooks use this type of weapon

FIREARMS Assault Rifles (cont.)/Truths Assault Rifles (cont.)/Truths Wounds are less severe Wounds are less severe Handguns are used in crimes 75% of time Handguns are used in crimes 75% of time is much more dangerous is much more dangerous Hunting cartridges are more devastating Hunting cartridges are more devastating Assault weapons use FMJ rounds Assault weapons use FMJ rounds High rate of fire does NOT = accuracy High rate of fire does NOT = accuracy

FIREARMS Shot guns Shot guns Fired from shoulder Fired from shoulder Smooth bore barrel Smooth bore barrel Fires multiple pellets Fires multiple pellets Powerful close combat quarters weapon Powerful close combat quarters weapon Barrels are choked Barrels are choked Come in various gauges Come in various gauges 10, 12, 20, , 12, 20, 410

FIREARMS Shot guns/Actions Shot guns/Actions Single Single Lever Lever Pump Pump Bolt Bolt Semi-Auto Semi-Auto Double Barrel/side by side & over under Double Barrel/side by side & over under

Pump Shot gun

Semi-auto Shot gun

Side by Side Shotgun

FIREARMS Sub-machine guns Sub-machine guns Fired from shoulder or hip Fired from shoulder or hip Full auto capability Full auto capability Rifled barrel Rifled barrel Fires pistol ammo Fires pistol ammo Typically 9mm Typically 9mm

FIREARMS Machine guns Machine guns Fires high power rifle ammo Fires high power rifle ammo Full auto Full auto Crew operated Crew operated Fed by belts (M60/50 cal M2) Fed by belts (M60/50 cal M2) Some use magazines (BAR) Some use magazines (BAR)

Thompson Sub Machine Gun

Zip Gun

"No free man shall ever be disbarred the use of arms." - Thomas Jefferson "The best that we can hope for concerning the people at large is that they be properly armed." - Alexander Hamilton "No free man shall ever be disbarred the use of arms." - Thomas Jefferson "The best that we can hope for concerning the people at large is that they be properly armed." - Alexander Hamilton Cause the registration of all firearms on some pretext, with the view of confiscating them and leaving the population defenseless." ~ Vladimir Ilich Lenin Cause the registration of all firearms on some pretext, with the view of confiscating them and leaving the population defenseless." ~ Vladimir Ilich Lenin The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to allow the subjected people to carry arms. History shows that all conquerors who have allowed their subjected peoples to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by so doing“. - Adolph Hitler, Edict of March 18, 1938 The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to allow the subjected people to carry arms. History shows that all conquerors who have allowed their subjected peoples to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by so doing“. - Adolph Hitler, Edict of March 18, 1938 "Our main agenda is to have all guns banned. We must use whatever means possible. It doesn't matter if you have to distort the facts or even lie. Our task of creating a Socialist America can only succeed when those who would resist us have been totally disarmed."--Sarah Brady (In a letter to Senator Howard Metzenbaum, The National Educator, January 1994, page 3) "Our main agenda is to have all guns banned. We must use whatever means possible. It doesn't matter if you have to distort the facts or even lie. Our task of creating a Socialist America can only succeed when those who would resist us have been totally disarmed."--Sarah Brady (In a letter to Senator Howard Metzenbaum, The National Educator, January 1994, page 3)

FIREARMS Gun Control Gun Control There were 5,307 fatal accidents in the US involving kids 0-14 years old There were 5,307 fatal accidents in the US involving kids 0-14 years old 195 in 1999 and only 13 in 2002 were with guns 195 in 1999 and only 13 in 2002 were with guns 838 deaths were in swimming pools 838 deaths were in swimming pools There were in the US 45,380 people killed in automobile crashes and approximately 40% were DUI’s There were in the US 45,380 people killed in automobile crashes and approximately 40% were DUI’s

FIREARMS Gun Control Gun Control 3,381 gun violence deaths in California (2010) 3,381 gun violence deaths in California (2010) 1,484 of these were suicide 1,484 of these were suicide 1,791 were homicide 1,791 were homicide 47 were accidents 47 were accidents 45 were justifiable shootings by police officers 45 were justifiable shootings by police officers

FIREARMS Gun Control Gun Control In US, AIDS killed 14,095 people and cardiovascular diseases killed 699,000 people In US, AIDS killed 14,095 people and cardiovascular diseases killed 699,000 people Most states have severe restrictions on right to carry laws including California Most states have severe restrictions on right to carry laws including California California and Maryland have some of the highest murder rates per capita California and Maryland have some of the highest murder rates per capita 9 per 100,000 in California and 12 per 100,000 in Maryland 9 per 100,000 in California and 12 per 100,000 in Maryland

Deaths Caused by Injuries CauseHomicideSuicideUnintentional Cuts2, Drowning723683,447 Falls ,257 Fire ,261 Guns11,82817, Machinery ,739 Suffocation6796,4625,517