CONTINENTALITY AND CLIMATE Continentality – refers to a place being located away from the ocean. Temperature range – the difference between the highest and lowest average annual temperatures. Complete the following chart based on the information in Fig 4.18 pg 70. CityMin TempMax TempDistance From Sea (km)Temp Range Charlottetown Halifax Kamloops Medicine Hat Ottawa Quebec City Regina Saint John St. John’s Vancouver Winnipeg

Continental vs. Maritime Climates Continental climates experience greater extremes of temperature. As distance from the ocean increases, annual temperature range increases. Hot summers & colder winters

Maritime climates experience lower extremes of temperature. As distance from the ocean decreases, annual temperature range decreases. Warm summers & cool winters

Which location would have the highest temperature range? Which location would be affected by continentality the most? A B C D E F C G

Which location would have the lowest temperature range? A C B D B

Monsoon Monsoon - the seasonal change in wind direction. (in the tropics) India’s Summer Monsoon LOW HIGH * Continent heats up so low pressure over land. * Water is cooler so high pressure there. * Wet season results because the wind is blowing from the Indian Ocean.

India’s Winter Monsoon * The land cools and a high pressure occurs. * The water is warmer and a low pressure occurs. * Dry season results because the wind blows from the land to the ocean. HIGH LOW Continental areas have most precipitation in the summer while maritime areas have most precipitation in the winter.