Last minute GCSE geography revision @ KGGS Coast Slide 1 Last minute GCSE geography revision @ KGGS

Preparation before starting this Revision unit you need to have:- Sorted you theory notes and produced a contents page Have your case studies completed Introduction This unit is to give you 40 minutes of Geography Revision on the Settlement topic. Work through the tasks and stick to the timings. You could work through this unit more than once Slide 2

You may begin….. Record down your start time Slide 3

The coast as a resource Slide 4 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 The coast as a resource The coast can be seen as a multi use resource. What does this mean? Slide 4

Slide 5 Coastal weathering and erosion 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal weathering and erosion Weathering is the breakdown of rocks in situ. Erosion is the breakdown of rock and then this rock being carried away (in this case by the sea or gravity) They are happening at the same time. Mechanical weathering (also called physical weathering) is the breakdown of rock without changing its chemical composition. Freeze thaw is one such type of mechanical weathering. Explain this process Chemical weathering is the breakdown of rock by changing its chemical composition. Carbonation is a type of chemical weathering. Explain this process. Biological weathering is when the roots of vegetation and burrowing animals breakdown rock. Explain how this happens freeze thaw animation - double CLICK! Slide 5

Slide 6 check your answers here! 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 4. What are the four ways in which waves erode? check your answers here! Slide 6

Slide 7 Destructive Waves 5. Describe a destructive wave 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Destructive Waves 5. Describe a destructive wave 6. What two main factors determine the size of destructive waves? Slide 7

Slide 8 Cliff retreat and wave cut platforms 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Cliff retreat and wave cut platforms 7. Draw a series of simple diagrams to explain how cliffs are eroded and retreat and ultimately form wave cut platforms Slide 8

Slide 9 Headlands and bays 8. How are headlands and bays formed? 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Headlands and bays 8. How are headlands and bays formed? Watch the clips below headlands and bays animation arch, cave, stack and stump 9. How is a headland eroded to form caves, arches, stacks and stumps Slide 9

Slide 10 Constructive waves 10. Describe a constructive wave 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Constructive waves 10. Describe a constructive wave Slide 10

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Transportation LSD - Double CLICK 11. Describe how material is moved along the beach 12. Why are constructive waves involved in deposition? 13. How are beaches formed? Slide 11

Slide 12 Spits and bars 14. Fill in the gaps. 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Spits and bars Drift Bar Tombolo Grow River mouth Salt Waves spit formation Use these words to help you 14. Fill in the gaps. Spits form at sharp bends in the coastline, for example a ___________. Long shore ________ transports sand and shingle past the bend and deposits it in the sea. Strong winds and ________ can curve the end of the spit. The sheltered area behind the spit is protected from waves and lots of material accumulates – this means plants can ______ here. Over time the sheltered area becomes a mud flat or _______ marsh. When a spit joins to headlands together a ________ is formed. Behind this a lagoon forms. A bar that connects the shore to an island is called a ___________. Slide 12

Slide 13 The Dorset Coast 15. How are these formed? 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 The Dorset Coast Durdle Door Swanage bay and Studland bay. Including old harry Chesil beach Lulworth Cove Slide 13 15. How are these formed?

Slide 14 Coastal management 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal management Coastal areas are at risk from erosion and flooding. 16. What are the reasons for protecting coastlines? Social Economic Environmental Slide 14

Slide 15 Coastal management strategies 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal management strategies 17. What is the difference between hard and soft engineering? 18. What two types of hard engineering are shown in the picture? 19. How do they work? 20. Name two other hard engineering techniques Slide 15

Slide 16 Coastal management strategies 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal management strategies 21. What is shown in the picture below? 22. How do groynes work? 23. What is the major disadvantage of groynes? Slide 16

Slide 17 Coastal management strategies 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal management strategies 24. This is a type soft engineering. What is it and how does it work? 25. What is managed retreat? 26. How would sand dune regeneration reduce the risk of flooding and erosion? 27.Generally hard engineering methods are less sustainable than soft – why? Slide 17

Slide 18 Coastal management – Holderness 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal management – Holderness 1.8 metres of land is lost each year. Homes and businesses are at risk. The gas terminal at Easington is now just 25 metres from the cliff edge. 80,000 m2 of farmland is lost each year. Slide 18

Slide 19 Coastal management – Holderness 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Coastal management – Holderness 28. 11.4km of the Holderness coast is being protected by hard engineering. Describe the methods used. Make sure you know specific facts and figures. 29. For what reasons have many criticised the hard engineering schemes at Holderness. Slide 19

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