ABSOLUTISM or ABSOLUTE MONARCHY Power was not limited by having to consult w/t nobles, common ppl, or their representatives Thus, claims –Divine Right, which is: –____________________ “Power _____________; Absolute Power __________ absolutely!” Absolutism maps

CHARLES V of Spain ( ) Hapsburg Dynasty Ruled the –Holy Roman Empire –Spain & parts of Italy –Netherlands –& land i/t New World constant warfare –over land & religion –Martin Luther an outlaw Peace of Augsburg Abdicates in 1556 –divided kingdom btwn brother, Ferdinand and his son, Phillip II –lived in a monastery

Phillip II of Spain ( ) Son of Charles V Spain’s power peaks –due to gold/silver fm New World Religion & Revolt –Court of Blood suppress Protestant rebels in Low Countries 1609: Netherlands gain independence –w/ British help SPANISH ARMADA –Why?

The SPANISH ARMADA (1588) Spain attempts to invade England –130 ships –20,000 soldiers/sailors Spain is soundly defeated, due to –UK’s military strategy –storms devastated fleet Led to: –England’s rise to power –Spain’s fall fm power SPANISH ARMADA

The BOURBON Dynasty Absolute rulers of France “one king, one law, one religion” Henry IV ( ), –first BOURBON –Protestant > Catholicism –St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre ,000 killed –1593: “Edict of Nantes” –Who is a HUGUENOT? –__________________________ –disciplined the military –improved infrastructure Trade increased Agriculture improved ended the power o/t nobility

Louis XIII ( ) of France Henry IV’s son began rule at age 9 –son of Marie de Medici Regent –chose Cardinal Richelieu as his chief minister –“King is supreme is France, France is supreme in Europe” destroy power o/t nobility end independence o/t Huguenots Encourage trade & industry Reduce power of Spain & Austrian HAPSBURGS

The Sun King ( ) King Louis XIV –72 year reign –became king at age 5 Built the Palace of Versailles Palace of Versailles –inside the palaceinside the palace –moved the gov’t & nobles here –greatly strained France’s economy –Emphasized the grandeur & power of France –“divine right of kings” –L’etat, c’est moi” (I am the state) Cardinal Mazarin: Chief Minister Bankruptcy due to Versailles & military expansion European nobility adopted the language & customs of France