Energy in the Cell How do cells get, use, and transform energy?

Shows the flow/transfer of energy

How important is energy to cells? Cells need energy to carry out all functions including… –M–M–M–Metabolism, active transport, cell division, movement of cilia and flagella What are some things that you / your cells need energy for? What are some things that you / your cells need energy for?

Where does all of the energy available to organisms come from? 84,000,000,000,000 watts of power reaches the earth from the sun every day That is A LOT!!!!

SUN Shows the flow/transfer of energy

Where do all of these plants get their energy from???

Plants, algae, and some bacteria all use photosynthesis What is photosynthesis? What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis Photosynthesis uses the energy of the sun to build sugar (glucose) from CO2 and Water Photosynthesis uses the energy of the sun to build sugar (glucose) from CO2 and Water This occurs in the chloroplast This occurs in the chloroplast

SUNLIGHT GLUCOSE

Photosynthesis Sugar (glucose) SUN Photosynthesis

So…after plants make their food (glucose), what do they do with it? Remember what carbohydrate polymers are made from? Remember what carbohydrate polymers are made from? SUGAR!!! SUGAR!!! Glucose and other simple sugars are used by the plants to build plant parts Glucose and other simple sugars are used by the plants to build plant parts –Ex: leaves, stem, wood, roots, fruit, tubers (potatoes)

- Glucose

Glucose Photosynthesis SUN Photosynthesis Glucose (sugar) Stored as Plant Parts (tissues)

Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is the process of making energy in the form of ATP from sugar (glucose) Cellular respiration is the process of making energy in the form of ATP from sugar (glucose) GLUCOSEATP (ENERGY) This occurs in the mitochondria of ALL eukaryotic cells – That means plants and animals!!! This occurs in the mitochondria of ALL eukaryotic cells – That means plants and animals!!!

SUN Photosynthesis Glucose (sugar) Stored in Plant Parts (tissues) Cellular Respiration ATP (Energy)

So, how do we get energy from plants After we digest the plants (plant tissues  Glucose), we use CELLULAR RESPIRATION to make ATP using glucose After we digest the plants (plant tissues  Glucose), we use CELLULAR RESPIRATION to make ATP using glucose

SUN Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Glucose (sugar) Stored in Plant Parts (tissues) ATP (Energy) Cellular Respiration ATP (Energy)

The Photosynthesis Equation Plants take in water (H 2 O), Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ), and Sunlight to build Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), releasing O 2 (as a waste product (Oxygen). ______ + _______ +____________  ________ + _________ Reactants (what goes in) Products (what comes out) What are the reactants and the products?

The Photosynthesis Equation 6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + Sunlight  C 6 H 12 O O 2 Reactants (what goes in) Products (what comes out) 

The Cellular Respiration Equation To perform cellular respiration, plants and animals break down glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) using Oxygen (O 2 ). This produces water (H 2 O), Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ), and ATP (energy) ______ + _______ +  ________ + _________ + __________ Reactants (what goes in) Products (what comes out) What are the reactants and the products?

The Cellular Respiration Equation C 6 H 12 O O 2  6 CO H 2 O + ATP Reactants (what goes in) Products (what comes out) +  + +

Cellular Respiration is the Reverse of Photosynthesis 6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + Sunlight  C 6 H 12 O O 2 C 6 H 12 O O 2  6CO H 2 O + ATP