Click on a lesson name to select. The Study of Life Section 1: Introduction to Biology Section 2: The Nature of Science Section 3: Methods of Science

Biology—the science of life  Study the origins and history of life and once-living things  Study the structures of living things The Study of Life  Study how living things interact with one another  Study how living things function Introduction to Biology Section 1

What do biologists do?  Study the diversity of life  Research diseases The Study of Life  Develop technologies  Improve agriculture  Preserve the environment Introduction to Biology Section 1

The Characteristics of Life 1. * 2. * 3. * 4. * The Study of Life Introduction to Biology Section 1

The Characteristics of Life 5. * 6. * 7. * 8. * The Study of Life Introduction to Biology Section 1

The Study of Life Section 1 Table 1.1 Characteristics of Living Organism

The Study of Life  Living things are made of one or more cells.  Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things. Introduction to Biology Made of one or more cells Section 1

 Specialized cells are organized into groups that work together called tissues. Displays Organization The Study of Life  Living things also display organization, which means they are *.  Tissues are organized into organs.  Organ systems work together to support an organism. Introduction to Biology Section 1

Grows and Develops The Study of Life  Growth results in the addition * and, in many organisms, the formation of *. Introduction to Biology Section 1

Reproduces The Study of Life  A species is a group of organisms that can *. Introduction to Biology  Reproduction is not essential for the survival of an individual, but it is essential for the continuation of the species. Section 1

Responds to Stimuli The Study of Life  Anything that is part of the internal or external environments and * is called a stimulus.  The *is a response. Introduction to Biology Section 1

Requires Energy The Study of Life  Living things get their energy from food.  Most plants and some unicellular organisms use light energy from the Sun to make their own food and fuel their activities.  Organisms that cannot make their own food get energy by consuming other organisms. Introduction to Biology Section 1

Maintains Homeostasis The Study of Life  *homeostasis.  If anything happens within or to an organism that affects its normal state, processes to restore the normal state begin. Introduction to Biology Section 1

Adaptations Evolve Over Time Introduction to Biology The Study of Life  An adaptation is any *.  Adaptations enable organisms to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation. Section 1

What is science?  Science is a body of knowledge based on the study of nature.  The nature, or essential characteristics, of science is scientific inquiry. The Study of Life  Scientific inquiry is both a creative process and a process rooted in unbiased observations and experimentation. The Nature of Science Section 2

Scientific Theory v. Scientific Law  A theory is an *. The Study of Life  A scientific law describes *, but does not explain why the relationship is the way it is. The Nature of Science Section 2

Makes observations and draws conclusions  Scientists choose subjects to study and decide what types of data to collect. The Study of Life  They analyze the data collected to draw conclusions. The Nature of Science Section 2

Expands Knowledge  Most scientific fields are guided by research that results in a constant reevaluation of what is known. The Study of Life  Pseudosciences imitate science, but do not provide science-based explanations. The Nature of Science Section 2

Challenges Accepted Theories  Scientists welcome debate about one another’s ideas. The Study of Life  Sciences advance by accommodating new information as it is discovered. The Nature of Science Section 2

Questions Results  Observations or data that are not consistent with current scientific understanding are of interest to scientists. The Study of Life  These inconsistencies often lead to further investigations. The Nature of Science Section 2

Tests Claims  Science-based information makes claims based on a large amount of data and observations obtained from unbiased investigations and carefully controlled experimentation. The Study of Life  Conclusions are reached from the evidence. The Nature of Science Section 2

Undergoes Peer Review  Before it is made public, science-based information is reviewed by scientists’ peers. The Study of Life  Peer review is a process by which the procedures used during an experiment and the results are *. The Nature of Science Section 2

Science in Everyday Life  A person who is scientifically literate combines a basic understanding of science and its processes with reasoning and thinking skills. The Nature of Science The Study of Life  Ethical issues must be addressed by society based on the values it holds important. Section 2

Ask a Question The Study of Life  Scientific inquiry begins with observation.  Scientific inquiry involves asking questions and processing information from a variety of reliable sources. Methods of Science Section 3

Form a Hypothesis The Study of Life  A hypothesis *.  When a hypothesis is supported by data from additional investigations, usually it is considered valid and is accepted by the scientific community. Methods of Science Section 3

Collect the Data The Study of Life  When a biologist conducts an experiment, *. Methods of Science Section 3

Controlled Experiments The Study of Life  A control group *.  The experimental group *. Methods of Science Section 3

Experimental Design The Study of Life  Independent variable—*.  Dependent variable—*. Methods of Science Dependent and Independent Variables Section 3

Data Gathering The Study of Life  Data—*.  Quantitative data can be measurements of time, temperature, length, mass, area, volume, density, or other factors.  Qualitative data are descriptions of what our senses detect. Methods of Science Section 3

The Study of Life Metric System  SI units (International System of Units) are commonly used in science for consistency and ease of communication.  The metric system uses *. Methods of Science Section 3

Analyze the Data The Study of Life  A graph of the data makes the pattern easier to grasp.  Even when a hypothesis has not been supported, it is valuable. Methods of Science Section 3

Report Conclusions Methods of Science The Study of Life  If the reviewers agree on the merit of the paper, then the paper is published for review by the public and use by other scientists. Section 3