Scientific Method Blueprint For Success

Define the Problem  Make sure you know what the problem is.  State the problem as a clear question.  Will the use of Exxon gasoline give my car better gas mileage?

Research the Problem  Find out all you can concerning your problem  Use the Library  Magazines  The internet  Personal Interviews

Form a Hypothesis in the form of an “If -Then” Statement  The first part of the statement represents the problem, while the second part represents the proof you are looking for.  Examples:  If I spend my money on a new CD, then I will not have enough to go to the movies.  If I use Exxon Gasoline, then my car will get better gas mileage.

Develop a Controlled Experiment  All experiments contain variables (things found in the experiment).  The Experimental variable is the thing being tested  The Control variables are the other thing having an effect on the experimental variable  These must be kept identical

Let’s Look at an Example! Gasoline’s Affect on Car Mileage.

What are Some Possible Variables?  Car type  Gasoline type  Driver  Driving Conditions  Amount of gasoline  Tires  Extra weight in car

If we are testing gasoline, what variables must be kept identical?  The cars must be of the same type.  Each car must have the same amount of gasoline.  The cars must be driven over the same course, at the same speed, and under the same weather conditions.  The cars must contain the same type of tires.  The only difference is the type of gasoline.

Conduct the Experiment  Conduct the experiment several times.  This is important to rule out making mistakes by using too few trials.  The more trials the more specific the data.

Analysis of Data  Examine the data and analyze it making a determination as to what it is saying.  Check to see if your data is complete or if more tests need to be conducted.

Form a Conclusion  Apply your analyzed data to your “If- then” statement (hypothesis).  If it satisfies the statement, then your hypothesis is correct.  If not, then you need to reexamine your data and find out why.  Make sure the experiment can be reproduced producing the same results.