Athens & Sparta and the Greek City- states. What were the Greek city-states called? ● Polis ●Origin of words/cities: o –Persepolis o –Metropolis o –Indianapolis.

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Presentation transcript:

Athens & Sparta and the Greek City- states

What were the Greek city-states called? ● Polis ●Origin of words/cities: o –Persepolis o –Metropolis o –Indianapolis o –Police o –Politics

What name is given to the highest point in each Polis? ●Acropolis ●Acro = high ●Polis = city ●Most famous in Athens – the Parthenon,  temple for Athena ●**Acrophobia = fear of heights

What were the Greek marketplaces called? ●Agoras ●Trade goods ●Discussion of current events = beginnings of Democracy ●**Agoraphobia = fear of crowds

Forms of government in Greece ●1.Monarchy – o –1.rule by one o –2.king ●2.Aristocracy – o –1.rule by noble families ●3.Oligarchy – o –1.rule by a few o –2.military generals o –3.wealthy

What is Tyranny? ●Times of crisis ●Military generals work to restore order ●Rule was Absolute ●Gained power by appealing to poor & disenfranchised

Power of the Greek Armies ●Phalanx – formation of soldiers marching side by side, row upon row ●Carried spear & shield ●Hoplites – Greek foot soldier

Identify the Following: Greek Marketplace Agora

Identify the Following: Greek city-state Polis

Identify the Following: Highest Point of the city-state? Acropolis

Identify the Following: The most famous acropolis? The Parthenon

Identify the following: Formation of Greek soldiers? Phalanx

Identify the following: Individual Greek soldier? Hoplite

Identify the following: Rule by one man? Monarchy

Identify the Following: Rule by a few powerful men? Oligarchy

Identify the Following: Rule by a number of noble families? Aristocracy

Identify the Following: Temporary rule by one man during a time of crises? Tyranny

The Development of Sparta

Development of Sparta ●Peloponnesus Peninsula ●Took over Messinia ●Messinian slaves = Helots ●Helots revolt ●Revolts prompt Sparta to create invincible city-state ●Answer – Military Might !!

Spartan Government ●Oligarchy ●Government includes: o –The Assembly o –Council of Elders Beginnings of a Democracy?

Spartan Men & Women ●Men - militarily trained at early age ●7 – Begin to train ●21 - sent to military outpost ●30 – must marry ●60 - retire ●Women – athletically trained ●Married older ●Managed family estates while men were at war…..however ●…Did not have right to vote

Spartan Values ●Duty ●Strength ●Discipline ●Athleticism ●Military ●For Women- Bearing healthy children

Development of Athens

What form of government did Athens develop? ●Democracy ●Citizens participated directly in government* *** Citizens = Male landowners only ***

Why Democracy in Athens? ●Problems between wealthy landowners & peasant class ●Common people demanded changes ●Begins Age of Reformers in Athens

Development of Democracy

What did the reformer Draco accomplish? ●1st Athenian Law Code ●Punishments severe – leading to modern term Draconian ●Problems o –laws included Debt Slavery

What did the reformer Solon accomplish? ●Outlawed debt slavery ●Citizens participate in Assembly ●Economic reforms o foreign trade ●Problem o neglected land reforms

What did Athens emphasize? ●Government ●Education ●Economy

How did Sparta differ from Athens in the way they dealt with the disgruntled common folk?? ●Sparta? Build up military and enslave others to support it! ●Athens? Create a form of democracy and expand trade!

Essential Knowledge 89. Who was considered a citizen in Ancient Greece? 90. List the 4 forms of government found in Athens before the development of Democracy. 91. Name the 2 men who tried to Reform Athenian government. 92.What type of government was found in Sparta?