Chapter 5, Section 4 The War of 1812 Part 2 p Although the War of 1812 does not completely resolve British-American disputes, many Americans consider the war a victory.

5.4 SECTION FOCUS QUESTION: What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?

Early Days of the War Britain still at war in Europe U.S. loses most early battles – We were unprepared Why? British Navy blockades American East Coast – Bottles up American Navy One American Navy victory: – USS Constitution (“Old Ironsides”) defeats British ship HMS Guerriere – Guerriere was known for impressments USS Constitution defeats Guerriere August 19, 1812

The War in the West A fight for control of the Great Lakes & the Mississippi British Victories: July American invasion of Canada fails – British General Brock defeats American Army, captures Detroit (and 2000 Americans) – Aided by Tecumseh’s forces America Fights Back: Sept Oliver Hazard Perry defeats British Navy on Lake Erie, takes back Detroit Harrison defeats British, Tecumseh killed at the Battle of the Thames - Oct. 5, 1813 General Isaac Brock Oliver Hazard Perry on Lake Erie Surrender of Ft. Detroit

The War in the South Andrew Jackson commands American forces in Georgia Defeats Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, Alabama Defeats British in New Orleans (most lop-sided battle ever!) Earns reputation as famous Indian fighter Becomes 7 th U.S. President in 1829 Horseshoe Bend, Alabama Andrew Jackson “Old Hickory”

Final Battles British Admiral George Cockburn orders the burning of Washington D.C. – Dolley Madison saves historical documents & portrait of Washington Fort McHenry resists British attack on Baltimore, MD – Francis Scott Key writes the “Star-Spangled Banner” General Jackson wins victory over British at the Battle of New Orleans – War had ended with the Treaty of Ghent, signed on Christmas Eve 1814, two weeks before the battle British Admiral George Cockburn First Lady Dolley Madison Battle of New Orleans re-built Capital Gilbert Stuart’s White House portrait

Protests & Peace Federalist critics call the conflict “Mr. Madison’s War.” Federalists meet at the Hartford Convention – They suggest New England secede (withdraw) from the U.S. Surviving the “Second War of Independence” destroys the Federalist Party New York meat-packer Samuel Wilson supplies food for troops New York meat-packer Samuel Wilson supplies food for troops – Boxes marked “U.S.”…. “Uncle Sam” - born during War of 1812

War of 1812: Battle Map & Timeline July 1812 – Brock takes Fort Mackinac then beats Hull in Detroit (British victories) August 1812 – “Old Ironsides” defeats Guerriere 1813 – Oliver Hazard Perry takes control of Lake Erie Tecumseh dies at the Battle of the Thames 1814 – All U.S. ports blockaded, Washington burned 1814 – Jackson defeats Creeks at Horseshoe Bend Treaty of Ghent and Jackson wins in New Orleans p. 202

5.4 SECTION FOCUS QUESTION: What were the causes & effects of the War of 1812? Causes: British aggression (in the NW and at sea), ineffectiveness of the Embargo Act, and American nationalism. Effects: increased nationalism and worldwide respect, crushed Native American resistance