Sam Arnold Maddie Sutton-Smith

 Steppes – Eurasia  Prairies – North America  Pampas – South America

 Precipitation average of in.  Temperature from -40 F to 100F  Prairie: Temp from 20-70, inches  Steppes: inches  Pampas: 64 Degrees  Cold winters, dry, hot summers, humidity

 Dark and Deep  Fertile upper layers  High in calcium carbonate-good for fertility  Chernozem-phosphorus and ammonia, really fertile.  Loess-windblown silt, sometimes derived from glacial deposits(MS river)

 Human agricultural use  Low precipitation levels  Fires  Absence of tree cover

 Extra body fat and fur  Extreme speed  Extensive mucous membranes  Broad, flat-topped teeth  Color

 Fine roots extending deep into soil  Rhizomes – thick, turf-like networks  Underground storage organs  Lower growing points  Small and flexible

 Fragmentation-loss of biodiversity  Dust Storms  Wasteland Buildup

 Poorly planned agriculture  Over-plowing and wind  Overgrazing and irrigated salt build-up

 National Parks  Preserves