Born in the Middle East: Judaism

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Presentation transcript:

Born in the Middle East: Judaism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Orthodox_Judaism

Founded Abraham – 2000 – 1500 BCE in Israel Established concept of monotheism (belief in one powerful God) Established concept of covenant (special relationship between God and Abraham’s family http://www.aishcenter.com/abraham-and-expansive-consciousness

Founder Moses -1280 BCE Expanded the concept of covenant to include more people Gave the people The Ten Commandments

Sacred Books Torah – The Five Books of Moses (part of the Hebrew Scriptures) Tells the story of the covenant between God and his Chosen People Hebrew Scriptures includes the Torah, other parts of the Jewish Bible and the Talmud. http://frted.wordpress.com/2011/01/04/reading-scripture-the-old-testament-the-torah-and-prophecy/

Practices Pray 3x a day facing Jerusalem Synagogue No pork or other non-kosher foods Bar/bat mitzvah at religious adulthood Circumcision at birth, bar/bat mitzvah at adulthood. Synagogue services on Saturdays. No pork or other non-kosher foods. Holidays related to historical events. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jews_Praying_in_the_Synagogue_on_Yom_Kippur

Holy Days Saturday – day of prayer and rest Fall holidays: Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur Spring holiday: Passover /items/http://www.johnpratt.comdocs/lds/easter/elijah.html

Beliefs Required to live a moral and ethical life as taught in the Torah Afterlife – Not historically emphasized; focus is on this life, not the next Obey God's commandments, live ethically. Focus is more on this life than the next Afterlife - Not historically emphasized. Beliefs vary from no afterlife to shadowy existence to the World to Come (similar to heaven).

Holy Places Jerusalem City of David Western Wall (remnants of Second Temple) http://www.bibleplaces.com/westernwall.htm

Clergymen Rabbi – a teacher http://www.frumsatire.net/2010/10/07/reform-rabbi-admits-hes-not-jewish/reform-rabbi/ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rabbi_Scheinberg_at_a_Bris_Mila_edit.jpghttp://www.vosizneias.com/45900/2009/12/30/edison-nj-after-pattern-of-bias-crimes-rabbi-wants-parents-to-be-responsible/

Diaspora The forced exile of Jews from their homeland Lost a war against the Romans in 70 CE http://www.newvoices.org/opinion?id=0116

Ethnic Groups Divided into two ethnic groups: Ashkenazi – European Jews Sephardic – Spanish-speaking or Middle Eastern

http://www.ziomania.com/ashkenazi/ashkenazi.htm

Religious Sects Religiously: Jews divided into three groups: The Orthodox (Fundamentalists) The Conservative (U.S.) The Reform (More modern, secular, liberal)